Land of the Lion and the Sun Personal Experiences
part going toward Andok the
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he army the vided part going toward Andok the other coming tow rd us had alr dy left the lage and take refuge amo g ocks abov it Our position enabled us to withst d th m all day but we could see that they had burned the vi age of near our town Toward evening they made a fierce tack got nea us a mu ti was e rly exhaus ed and we began to ret eat They now set fire to our vil age from dist nc in the dark we co ld it b ni g A d k h e im l b c i d i g th t it not a safe place to stay we left it after a day s j ourney ov r rocks and mountain towards e v ening reached a ru i ned church Here we passed the g t but in the morni g soldiers appeared and we hastened our flight All goods m st of anim ls we l ft the N evening ach d a mountain amed G l sh black c stl v ry ti ed hun but thi g to so kill d she p it But vi ag s we e the g ater pa t havi g fl d to other plac s From this place we fled in da k the ighboring Kurd sh v i age whe Agh s chi fs liv d Before mor ng we l a d that als bur ed Our Kurdish Agh c m f m the vill g to defe d us against s ld ers did s cc d turned to the v ill ge w obliged continu our j ourn y th gh ti ed thirsty Wh it p ssibl to st p first care was to find wat kill sh p for fo d The fo l wing day we le rned that also b d He ing this th ar mountain We w t d wn f m m unt in into a valle y through w ch sl ly t t d ch ging our positio very But the th d pu s e s ppeared and l ft she p fled with our cattle oon we l ft the c ttle also of my b others fled w i th the family whil my other brothe his fift en years old daughter I lagg d b nd nt red forest but whe two s ldi s my b othe they fired and he fell d ad H aring is girl cried out and they saw her sh t her dead also did not find me and towards evening I c e out of forest and special harm When the sol ers were far enough way I spoke to my compa ion to if he was alive and a sw red v ry fe bly sa ng he cou d neither w lk or mov I was the same co dition st ess the Twas beyo d endura ce I cried to the sol e s still alive come and put an end to our misery I c ied but they not hea me A ter whil two Arme i an fugitives passed by saw bes ught them to carry us to a r i sh p cote nea by Th y were so hung y weak they could har y w lk said they w re able to car y us but yielding to our e treaties they made a gr t and c rried us th e gave us some wate f esh che se departed We remained there three days th se frie ds coming to us at night and going way in the mor i g We soon saw that th s too d ng rous place to st y as we constantly heard the s d of guns of b ll ts passing ove our heads So th y tr nsfe ed us to a othe r n where we were tor with the he t b y day the cold by night naked wo nded f i ds not do much for us as th y did not beli ve we cou d live After thre days my compa o moth r c me bringi g some mi let to cook for us but on goin out to get som water she heard the sound of bugl s and fled but soon returned and cooked it The next day our brothe s came with the woman and tried to cook some whe t but were aga i n fr i gh ened by the sou d of bugl s and fled m y brother wished me with him but I said I t is b tter for you and the f mi y to e ape I m T w eve ng the y came bac k and carr i ed us on the i r sho d to another p ace where so m e other fa mi i es had ready taken refuge So n the y were ob iged to eave t s place also flee i ng in haste and eft me there I em ined in this dreary place eight days alone w i th m y s fering s v that they sometimes brought a ittle food After the eight days we heard that a Firman hade come ordering the massacre to cease sol ers then drov f gitive they met wounded or not to ru n d vi lag s I emained in this way among r ins for two months i my wo were healed As soon as I was strong enough I lef and slowly made my way to an Armenian vi lage There I found my fe but of the rest of the fami y I kn w othing No pen can adequately desc ibe abolica fero city of prolong d mas acre and it mpossible for me to giv exact pictur of the desolate scene I wr t more co cer ng the t tures of nocent Arm a s of b barism of the Tur k s and what I ha e written compa ed with the statements the mour peopl is but a small portio of the bl ck story that relates cruelti s toward the poor Som thing most remarkable we learn from these people that is the steadfast ss with which men men and children cl ng to their Christian faith ven through persecution unt And indeed they ha v e ca sed the Moslems to ask Who is t s J sus of Na ar th unto whom the women w re constantly Sha we not an wer this question unto the m and carr y to them the b essed Gos el of the a vi g o v e of AP T E A SS A S T his anci t nation of the Assyrians w i ch b egan in the form of a church after the time of the apostle has been ca led by names namely S y r i an Chal deans J larger division being known as N Each of thes partic ar bodies has a h i s tory c nditio s pecu iar to itself and deserves sep arate consideratio The fir t nam d sect known original y the Syr i ns f e s from thos called Papal Sy i n Syria apist which hav a creed and tual and there is no inter comm nion betwee the and the others The f m of Ch istia ity which we meet among these Sy ian Papists is by no m an ideal one The trac s of g n ne sp i ritual lif rarely to found amo g them Thei anci nt missionary z al which car ied th ir lea ned th ou ho t Per ia Tartary and into China has lo g sinc giv n way to a night of sto id in ffe e ce as to the spir i tual fate of even their nearest neighbors they th mselves obs rve their rites and cere monies with b ind T he Ass ian faith as described i n the anc i ent manuscripts was pure e v ang ica T hey be i e v ed in God the Father God the and the Ho y Ghost T he y b e ie v ed two co m p ete i nct anguage once aglow t de v ot i on and re i i ous thought is long since dead T he i r clerg y are su i nto deepest ignorance Even the ve y manhood of th i s once noble e ergetic race is we gh crushed out of them by co tu ely and oppress i on to w ch the y have been subjected for centuries Sti there are some to da y who with pride cling to their ancient fa i th and Scr i ptural doct i nes they look forward for the ght y hand of the Lord to d liver th ir nation from the eret i cal sects resto e them to true faith of our Lord Jesus Christ they hope the time is near at hand The J are so c lled from J a monk who in the sixth century checked the tide of desolation caused by Emperor Justi an p rsecution revived their dec ning chu ch w i th a most ib e zeal spr ad f ith throughout S ria and M so pota a He established the Patriarch of tioch as their supreme head who styles mself to day the successor of St Pete Th y h ld strongly to the be i ef that theirs is c i t church of Antioch where the followers of Ch ist were fi st c lled Christians The J hold what is k own M nophysite doctrine the oneness of the vine and human tures in Chr i st They are e t mat d as some so s in number Thei ch ef c ters of pop atio are M ardin Diarbe k ir f M os l a t ict in the west rn mountains of Kur stan I n their co mo speech they use the Ar but their chu ches they adhere to the i r m uch re v ered ancient tongue Their church boo k of d stinguished or i g i n and of venerable date but scarcel y understood even b y the priests Th r is nothing much to be said ab t the They h ve con o m d to the om n Catholic Church are kn wn t d Ch ld church und r a c ll d Pat i rch of B bylo Let us turn now l rg divisi n Syri church know N nam N sto ians is a me slik d by Nestorians to Th y ever derived eithe doctri e or rites f om N say they v r ced him v ice against the w ship of imag s but w e not in favor of the doct in s which he taught m ly that th re are o y two sti ct atu s but al o two per sons in Christ ls deni d the vinity of Ch ist and r fused to call i gin M y m th r God But gr at p rt of the N b liev in the v hum tu es of Ch ist unit d in compl te son They say Saviour is p rfect God and the p rf ct to b li ve oth rwise they affirm virt ally tak s way h manity our S viou th s l v s us without a M di to B c use of their inabil ty re d b c se of their ig c th y h v n ver appli d oth r me th n m the of Ch ist to the irgin Mary at the s me time th y h ve ever h ld to the h m n d iv ine atur s in p rson in Christ They ask Wh re is the p op i ty of c ll ng our anci nt church after a bishop who ived in a comparatively late day w i th whom we ne v er had an y connection by a nat i ona tie i t cannot be denied that there are to ay both in Persia and Tu ke y thousa ds who follo ng Nestorius N have taken their name after Nestorius a bishop of Const ntinople he was a Gree born i n the latter pa t of the fourth century and co demned the Council of Ephesus i n the year A D for his cal opinions regar ng the person of Ch ist He sepa rated the two natur s Christ in such a way as to establish two p rso s in Christ He re sed to ca the irgin M ry the mother of God b a shed to the desert of in pper Egypt where de died T he Nestorians are divided into two reat di vi s i ons and The live in the mountains and pay o y a no inal tribute to the Pers an and Tu kish g v rnme ts located mostly in the country v ag s Th y largely i n hand of the Persian la dlords or Agha and some times are h avily taxed The Ashir t or i dep d n N storians are often looked up n da ge ous p ople One of Tur k ish p shas said These mountai s infidels Christians acknowledge eith r pashas kings but from t im e emorial eve y has bee king They always go armed are b old and warlike no T ur k ish or Kurd sh off cials sol ers e ter their tribal st ri ts exc pt w i th their consent It is o y by most defen i ng themsel v es that have maintai ed their freedom against the sang nary Kurds and it i s st ange that they sometimes bet ay the same w d tr its of character their hered i tar y ene es despite their desp r te st nd for reedom and the fear with which the Ku ds rega d them they have su f fered t rible ass ults which threat ned at the time to utter extermi ate them Such was the c se in terrible massacres perpetr ted on them by the bloodthirsty Kurd sh c ef Ba Kha Bey in brought an force ag inst th m Their we e ssassin ted a c u cil to which they had been invited to s ttle t ms peace al m ost the whole pop tion of th i i lag s was destroyed Nat ally the Nesto ia s adopt d the Kurd ish cruelti s w the habit of practicing them on th i pa ts ged o s At a short stance f om L z p ecipic is p i t d where the people their for f th s b f e they w re Chr i stianize w in h bit c yi g up thei aged helpless pa ts th owi g th m d wn mounta i n i n orde to li v th ms lv burd their support At l gth f ll i g i cide t put to the horrid p ctice A y ung who c rr g aged f th r up m u t in b came exhausted put down his bu d to rest when the old p s id his It is for myse f but for you that I weep I w ll r member the t me whe I c i d my f ther up s me mountain but I ittle thought then that m y time wo d came so soon I we p my to thin k that you too ma y soon be da h ed do n that eadfu precipice as y ou are about to throw me This speech me ted the son s heart he carried back his v nerable father and mainta i ned h im own home The story was told to others i t to reflection f om that time the practice ceased The ter itory of the thos N out side the mountains is situated in the northwestern part the modern ki gdom of Persia and extends from lake three hundred m i es westward to the Tigris from north to south for a stance of about hu dred miles It comprises a la ge portion of cient Me a embraces seve al xceedingly ferti e plains of which the plain of is the largest It is s parated fr m c ntral Kur stan on the west by a lofty and rugged chain of snow capped mountai s Here fou d a g at umb r of Nestoria s probably about the whole number in Turkey and Persia being bout eg ng the co dition of the N from a ligious p i t view they hold more f r ly to the l g d y st d d of doctr ne ritual th n to the Bibl but m nif st less bigotry tha ma y other orien sects Their feasts and f stiv ls b a a close an logy to those of the ancie t Jews Ma y days of fasting are observed as fifty days b fore Easter twe ty days m p f c ll d c ll th c h b d d m i t i c v t d f m d i m c v t d d i g p ct i c i h c m i T h ld m g iv b l i vi g t h t t i l t t ib I l before L i ke the Phar i sees the y f a t tw i ce a wee k and they attach great importance to these vances Th ir c ergy consist of sev n orders the patr i arch m etropolita archdeacon elder dea con and reader To this there i s the one except i on of the Jelu tribe among whom ther exist no ran k of clerg y and whose religious rites have bee preser v ed from foreign i flue ce The tribes of the Nestoria ch rch th the tion of the Jelu tribe hav a cient order of Patri arch upon whom they look spiritual head of their church The Nestorians livi g in Kurd i stan and northwest Persia ccept Pat iarch Mar as the i r head who established residence in a v i ag amo g the Kurd stan mountains c lled succ ss s t k s m dynastic ame of for nearly f ur h d d year have made th i hom amo g th s lofty m unt ins Where the valleys br de i to wild r ar as the var i ous tribes have bu i lt th ir villag s th ugh c turies hav maintained their tion l existence ag i st th ir Kurd ish n ighbors Their church s are of a v ry s lid fo dation some ha v ng stood for fourteen centuries But intere ting as are the church s the religious customs of people more so Each pe so e te i g the church ta k es shoes and testifies his reverence for the sanctuary by k issing the do post threshold and passes on to k iss the gospels lyi g upon the altar then the cross and ally the h nd of re i giou teacher ra y er and sing ng or chanting of the psa i n ncient Syriac language and qu i te unintel g i ble to commo people but of the pri sts reads a port i on of the Gosp l and gives translation into the modern Syriac spoke by the N and th s const i tutes preac ng Somet m es read ng is accompan i ed by some expla ations or l gendary stories of which the y have many Today they have Bibles translated i nto modern Syriac but sti the priests are in the habit of using the nci nt la gu ge At the sacr ment the bre d and the wine are crated in the sanctuary holy pl ce of the ch ch then br ught out by a priest and a deacon The y believ that the b ead wine become the flesh and blood C ist as do the C tholics but they b ieve these leme ts wh con ecrated to be holy Ev ry m mber of the church w l go forward in turn and partake sm ll pi c of the bread from the hand priest th n drin k the wi e w ch is he d by the d aco In p ssing out ach pe so receives at the d r a v y thin l af of bread rolled together and enclosing mors l of meat This is a sacrifice or Nedra w ch is made in the name of a certain saint for hea g of a sick person It is performed at the rament to avoid fai ure T s is a k d of commemo atio of the love fe st kept by the earl y Christians of the first and second centuri s T he y regard it their duty to bapt i e their ch dren but do not be i ve in r gen ration by baptism Their marr i ages funeral customs esse ti lly same as those of m a s but they perform them with their own sup stiti s c mo es Nest rian chu ch m i tain d its iberty and the p ctic s of its faith ce turi s at home in m t l ds Wh A bs P rsi s becam the pat o s of scie ce and l ing the N sto ia s schol p ed th m l of Greeks we e ll w d positio s h i fl ce the courts of Ha hid the caliphs towards the cl s of f t th ce tury a te ribl st m burst upon th i chu ch It was th th t Timou or Tamer la who has b ca l d the g e t st of co querors m rged f om the E st B gdad fell b efo e him and the c unt y E ph t s then Pe sia the Cabul th n the gio s of o th which were ccupied by these S ia Ch isti s His Moh mmedan z al added ry to his inhum to ext rminate very trace Christi f ith He too suc Download 24 Kb. 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