Learner Variables

Advice:

• Advice:
• Observe the pupils in class, as the same learning task may not be appropriate for all the pupils (people with a strong/logical intelligence – good with complex grammar explanations, others – diagrams, simplified model sentences, physical demonstrations); try to identify the individual differences in your groups and ´tailor´ the teaching methods, the material and the expected production to the level and group you are working with.

TYPE OF INTELLIGENCE	LEARNS BEST BY
Linguistic Learner/´the word player´	saying, hearing and seeing words
Logical/Mathematical Learner/´the questioner´	categorising, classifying, working with abstract patterns/relationships
Spatial Learner/´the visualiser´	visualising, imagining, working with colour and pictures
Musical Learner/´the music lover´	rhythm, melody, music
Bodily/Kinaesthetic Learner	touching, moving, interacting with space through bodily sensation
Interpersonal Learner/´the socialiser´	sharing, comparing, relating, cooperating, interviewing
Intrapersonal Learner/´the individualist´	working alone, individual projects, self-pace instruction, having own space (Harmer, 2001, 47 – adapted/simplified)

D/ Motivation

• what drives the learner to achieve a goal;
• one of the key factors determining the success in LT/LL;
• many models; basic division:
• A) intrinsic (from within the individual; love of the subject matter, enjoyment, desire to feel better);
• B) extrinsic motivation (requirements, pay rise, travel, grades, passing exams);