Lecture 1 Language and linguistics Keywords

Self-control questions:
What are the branches of Linguistics?
What branches of Linguistics do you know?
What does Phonetics study?
What does Phonology study?
What does Morphology study?
What does Syntax study?
What does Pragmatics study?
What does sociolinguistics study?





LECTURE №3
Causes of Motor Aphasia
Keywords: Motor Aphasia, articulate, brain damage, machine, performing the motor, output aspects of speech, cause, effect, analyze, nervous system, scientific study, system, a well-travelled language.
In this lecture, we are going to discuss motor aphasia, or the loss of the power to articulate speech through brain damage. In general English, a motor means a machine which moves or powers something. Of course, the brain isn't really a machine. However, under certain circumstances, people can experience trouble performing the motor or output aspects of speech. I'm now going to look at the causes of motor aphasia and the effects.
Aphasia is caused when one or more of the brain's language areas are damaged. Sometimes, injury to the brain is the result of a stroke. A stroke happens when blood is unable to get to part of the brain. If the usual supply of blood is stopped, then brain cells can die. Aphasia can also be caused by serious injuries to the head and
by other types of brain damage. As a result of motor aphasia, structures for language production are damaged. Motor aphasia is also sometimes called Broca's aphasia. This is because the damaged area of the brain is named after Paul Broca, who is best known for his work in neurology, or the scientific study of the nervous system. Broca researched the functions of the brain during the 19th century. People who suffer from this type of aphasia are often unable to speak at all or they might be able to use only single words. Patients with Broca's aphasia often also suffer from depression because they know they have language problems. By the way, scientists have found that gorilla brains don't have Broca's area. That is one reason why they can't use language like we do.