Lecture №4 The history review of typological researches

Lecture № 4 The history review of comparative, typological researches

• The first researches in typology began in XVII-XVIII centuries. German scientist F. Shlegel has allocated distinction in structure of languages. He allocated two groups of languages: languages with affixe, there are Turkic, Polynesian, Chinese languages; flexional languages, there are Semitic, Georgian, French.

• A. Schlegel

• Languages without
• Grammar structure
• Chinese

• Affixional languages

• Flexional languages

• syntetical

• analytical

• W. Humboldt

• Isolating languages
• Chinese

• Agglutinating languages
• Turkic languages

• Flexional languages
• Indoeurop
• ean languages

• Incorporating
• languageslanguages of
• American Indians

• F. Fink

• Subordinating languages
• Turkish language

• Incorporating languages
• Greenland language

• Ordering languages
• Subiya language

• Rootisolating languages
• Chinese

• Basesisolating languages
• Samoan

• Rootflexional languages
• Arabian

• Basesflexional languages
• Greek

• Group-flexio-nal languages
• Georgian

A.V. Isachenko has established two types of languages on a material of slavic languages, using criteria of quantity of vowels and a musical accent and also the phenomenon of hardness and softness of consonants:

• A.V. Isachenko has established two types of languages on a material of slavic languages, using criteria of quantity of vowels and a musical accent and also the phenomenon of hardness and softness of consonants:
• type vocalic for which are characteristic: the tendency to vocalization of consonants;