Literature of Uzbekistan doc

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MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY 
SPECIALIZED EDUCATION OF UZBEKISTAN 
SAMARKAND AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE 
 
 
 
Theme: Literature of Uzbekistan 
 
 
 
 
 
Group:110 
Faculty: Agricultural mechanization 
Done by: 
Davronov Bunyod
 
Checked by: 
Ismatova Yu.
 
 
 
Samarkand 2014 
 
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Plan: 
1. The largest genre of the Uzbek folklore
2. the most blooming period of Uzbek literature
3. One of the bright lyric poets of the 15th century 
Uzbekistan - Literature 
 
The most ancient samples of the Uzbek literature concern to poetic 
creativity, integral part of culture of the Uzbek people. The large place 
belongs to fair)' tales such as about the animals, magical- fantastic themes 
and household stories. Among the latter a latifa ('jokes') genre is 
developed. The national imagination created a collective image of 
Nasriddin Afandi, the main hero and wise character of Uzbek national 
jokes.
The largest genre of the Uzbek folklore is dastan ('poem'). It was 
executed usually in support of musical tools. There are more than 300 
dastans (100 plots) were written down. The brightest samples are: the 
heroic epic of"Alpomysh", heroic- romantic epic of "Gur-ughli" (more 
than 40 plots), military epic "Ynsuf and Akhmad", "Tokhir and Zukhra", 
and others. The book version, as a rule, was borrowed from classical 
products "Farkhod and Shirin", "Layli va Majnun".  
Pre-Islamic culture is represented by insignificant number of 
written monuments in Old Turkic languages: "Penitential prayer of 
Manicheans" (the 5th century) and Orkhun-Yenisey writings (7-12th 
centuries), "Kutadghu-Bilig" ('knowledge', 'giving happiness') (1069) of 
Yusuf Bolosoghuny, "Khibatul Khakaik" ('a souvenir of truths') by 
Akhmad Yugnaky, and especially, Devoni Lughati Turk ('dictionary of 
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the Turkic languages) (1072-74) by Makhmud Kashghary are among the 
finest examples of Uzbek literature. Since the 14th century the Uzbek 
literature developed intensively and rather diverse. The period saw the 
emergence of a secular theme (a love epic with Biblical- Quranic topic, 
"Yusufand Zulaykho" by Durbek in l4-15th centuries.)
Also, the most blooming period of Uzbek literature came on the 
scene during the period of Amir Temur. Diverse forms of brilliant poetic 
works achieved the special popularity. Compositions by Akhmad 
Yassavy, Akhmad Yugnaky and Khorazmy were widely popular among 
the public. Amir Temur himself highly respected Yassavy for his 
geniality, and built a majestic monument on his grave. 
Special attention on the part of Amir Temur towards literature and 
arts has become a fair tradition to the entire Temur dynasty. Uzbek 
literature of that period served a significant stage in its historical 
development. Humanitarian values and great ideas are still urgent in it, 
and still preserved their value.
One of the bright lyric poets of the 15th century was Lutfy, who in 
his poems used to highlight an ideal love, Poems by Atai and Sakkakv are 
also among brilliant examples. And, certainly, the special place belongs 
to works by Alisher Navoi. He combined his lyrics in four collections, 
including kasidas, gazek kitas, rubais and others.
The cornerstone of his poetry is "Khamsa" ("Five stories"). In the 
anthology "The Assembly of Scientists" Navoi briefly describes famous 
poets of the 15th century. Also, in his many works he talked about 
theories of ethics and aesthetics. His treatise, namely "Weight of the 
sizes" served a significant development in Uzbek lyrics.
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In the 16th century numerous literary and historical works as well 
as their translations into Uzbek language were produced. Historical 
events of the 16th century were told in "Shayboniynoma"(1506), as well 
as in the works by Zakhiriddin Muhammad Bobur, who is said to have 
led records throughout his life, which later had become a source for his 
autobiographical work, entitled "Boburnama", a remarkable literary and 
historical essay.
Later on, works by Turdi (Faroghy), Mashrab and other poets saw 
large popularity. The influence of folklore upon the written literature was 
on the rise. Many topics for legends served a basis for creation of large 
literary works (poems Yusufand Zubykbo by Nozim Khisrav, "Tokhir and