Mavzu: "mikroiqtisodiyot" fanining mazmuni, maqsadi va vazifalari

CHekli transformasiya koeffisienti oila bir tovardan qo`shimcha bir birlik ishlab 
chiqarish uchun ikkinchi tovardan qancha hajmda ishlab chiqarishdan voz kechish 
kerakligini bildiradi. Demak, oila 10 litr vino ishlab chiqarishga sarflaydigan bir ish 
kunini savat to`qishga sarflasa, u 20 dona ortiqcha savat ishlab chiqarigan bo`ladi. 
 
 
 

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1
Robert L.Sexton “Exploring Economics” 
Chapter 2: The Economic Way of Thinking 
2.1 Scarcity 
Most of economics is knowing certain principles well and knowing when and how 
to apply them. 
Economics is concerned primarily with scarcity how well we satisfy our unlimited 
wants in a world of limited resources. People are not able to fulfill all of their 
wants, both material and non-material. As long as human wants exceed available 
resources, scarcity will exist. 
Scarcity is not the same thing as rarity. 
The scarce resources that are used in the production of goods and services can be 
grouped into four categories: labor, land, capital, and entrepreneurship. 
Labor is the total of both physical and mental effort expended by people in the 
production of goods and services. 
Land includes the natural resources used in the production of goods and services. 
Capital is the equipment and structures used to produce other goods. It also 
includes human capital, the productive knowledge and skill people receive from 
education and on-the-job training. 
Entrepreneurship is the process of combining labor, land and capital to produce 
goods and services. Entrepreneurs make the tough and risky decisions about what 
and how to produce. Entrepreneurs are always looking for new ways to improve 
production techniques or to create new products, lured by the chance to make a 
profit.
We are all entrepreneurs when we try new products or when we find better ways to 
manage our households or our study time.