Methods of teaching foreign languages
Introduction
Research in the field of second language teaching has resulted in
different teaching methods,
each method has a different perspective from the other one, but all aim at improving the quality of
teaching. This first chapter is devoted to the Task Based Language Teaching review and deals with
the theoretical part of this work. Several basic concepts and definitions
which are related to the
work are provided. Moreover, this chapter aims at presenting the nature of
speaking skill and the
main goals to teach it by shedding light on the factors that cause speaking difficulties to EFL
learners. Finally, it attempts to reveal some of the activities which may tackle the problems of EFL
learners in speaking skill.
English Language Teaching Methods Prior to Task Based Language Teaching
There has been a prominent shift in the field of language learning and teaching over the last
twenty years. English plays a
key role in educational system, not only as
an important subject but
also as a medium of instruction. This shift makes the birth of TBLT after the following three basic
stages of the field research which traditional methods, alternative method and communicative
language teaching method.
Traditional Methods.
According to Richards and Rodgers, traditional methods like grammar translation method, the
direct method and the audio-lingual method have focused mainly on translation, drills and
repetitions. They see language as a set of rules and structures. Therefore, they taught grammar and
form through extensive practice, but neglected the role of the learner and his
desire to use language
to communicate.
The following sub-titles highlight the main limitations of some methods and what mainly led
to the emergence of TBLT.