Microsoft Word Chapter 1 done doc

7.2 ATTITUDE FORMATION : HOW ATTITUDES 
DEVELOP : 
Attitudes are a result of beliefs. Beliefs about the object, 
feelings towards the object, behavioural intensions regarding the 
object and actual behaviour thus shown are all steps towards 
attitude formation. For example, if employees believe that their 
current job will provide them with experience and training a positive 
attitude is developed in them towards the job. There are four 
process in attitude formation. It is similar to how beliefs are formed.
They include:- 
1. 
Past experience: People develop attitude on the basis of their 
past experience. 
2. 
Available Information: A piece of information that is happy 
will influence the beliefs. This will consequently affect the 
attitude formation. For eg: If an employee hear about the 
promotion of many people in an industry his attitude changes. 
3. 
Generalization : Generalization comes from similar situations 
or events. Eg: No one in a job is promoted. This will give a 
general feeling that there is no promotion. 
The most important thing to remember about attitude 
formation is that it is learned. Family, friends, experiences 
co-workers, are involved in attitude formation. 

---

66
7.3 ATTITUDE DEVELOPMENT : 
In early development stage (infant) attitudes exist in their 
most primitive form, as simple pleasant or unpleasant states of the 
infant. Some of these feelings are results of satisfied or unsatisfied 
biological needs. Others are produced by pleasurable or 
unpleasurable responses from mother, father or siblings. An infant 
gains pleasure from being helped and protected. But a child in the 
early period of walking is likely to resent and reject the helping 
hand. Developmental changes produce changes in child attitude 
with objects and situations. 
Child’s attitude towards authority figure is an important 
element of socialization. It determines his behaviour in school.
A rebellious attitude towards authority (teacher, principal, peer 
group) can bring conflicts. Teacher can influence the attitude of a 
child considerably. 
Attitudes of Children have their origins in the family 
relationships at home. The parental attitude of ‘acceptance – 
democratic’ seemed to facilitate growth and development more 
than others. 
Attitudes developed during the preschool years are 
associated with the general culture. Day to day experiences and 
the child’s perception of them have a strong influence on the 
development of attitude. Attitude develops moment by moment. 
Some of them are formed without direction. Others are a result of 
careful planning by a person or persons who desires to encourage 
the development of attitudes. Much of citizenship training is a 
matter of attitude formation. Emotional attitude play great role in 
one’s life. Children should gain unbiased attitude through content 
mastery. School becomes a very important factor in the 
development of existing attitude and to create new ones. Teachers 
play a great role in this respect. 
An individual‘s attitude is determined by various developmental 
factors. They are as follows :-