Microsoft Word Deckert Creative Heuristics 2806 docx
Figure 4: Creative Heuristics for Generating Alternatives
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Deckert CreativeHeuristics
Figure 4: Creative Heuristics for Generating Alternatives
Source: Own illustration Generation of Alternatives Variabilization & Configuration Combination & Separation - Vary the Variable - Use Creativity Checklist (e.g. SCAMPER) - Find a Trajectory or Evaluation Function - Add Relevant Features - Package Relevant Features - Improve the Human Interface - Delete Irrelevant Features - Abstract and Transform (Scale, Dimensionality, Matching) - Consider the Negative/Inverse - Combine Inventions with Complementary or Emergent Qualities - Combine to Eliminate Redundancy - Interpolate & Extrapolate - Find a New Purpose - Separate and Recombine - Use Separation Principles 26 To the category “Combination & Separation” belong all heuristics which combine, join or link several inventions or functions of inventions. Among these heuristics the Inverse Heuristic respectively Joining an Invention with its Inverse (Weber 1992a and 1992b, Weber & Perkins 1989) seems to be a powerful tool often used by inventors. It is also called “Consider the Negative” (Boden 1996b, p. 91). Other heuristics in this category lead to combinations with complementary or emergent qualities (Complement Heuristics, Emergent Function Heuristic) e.g. to avoid switching (Switching (Avoidance) Heuristic, Compacting Heuristics) or to deliver a better performance (Specialization Heuristic) and to combinations to eliminate redundancies (Shared-Property Heuristic or Overlap Heu- ristic) (Weber 1992a and 1992b). Principles 10, 12, and 13 of Weber & Perkins (1989) also belong to this group. Furthermore inventors can look for missing steps in a sequence of inventions and interpolate or extrapolate, see e.g. Interpolation Heuristic and Extrap- olation Heuristic by Weber (1992b) and Principles 5 and 6 by Weber & Perkins (1989). Especially for new materials or preliminary products the New-Purpose Heuristic can be applied. This heuristic advises to list all properties of a new material and to then try and find applications demanding one or several of these properties. This approach is also used in Technology Management to analyze the potential of a new technology (Spath, Linder & Seidensticker 2011, p. 66 f.). For parts or components of an invention the anal- ogous heuristic is the Multiple Function Heuristic by Weber (1992b). Furthermore heuristics using separation belong to this category as Decomposing & Re- combining by Polya (1989), Principle 11 (Unjoin) by Weber & Perkins (1989) and the four separation principles of the TRIZ 5 approach – separation in space, separation in time, separation through change of conditions or state and separation within an object and its Download 0.87 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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