Microsoft Word Glossary March 2011 doc

 
Differentiation 
noun,
 differentiate 
verb 
To make or see a difference between people and things. In teaching, this can have a special meaning relating to 
dealing with mixed ability learners in one class, e.g. the teacher can provide different tasks, activities, texts or 
materials for different learners in the class according to their ability. 
 
Diphthong
A vowel combination which is pronounced by moving from one vowel to another, e.g. / aˆ / as in my is pronounced
by moving from / æ /to / ˆ /. See consonant and vowel.

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© UCLES 2011
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Direct object: see object. 
 
Direct speech, question 
The actual words someone says, e.g. He said, ‘My name is Ron.’, ‘What do you mean, Sue?’, asked Peter.
See indirect question and reported speech, statement, question. 
 
Discipline
 noun + verb
The system of rules used to maintain control of learners in the classroom. 
 
Discourse 
Spoken or written language in texts or groups of sentences. 
 
► 
Discourse marker 
A word or phrase that signals the function of the information that will follow/has just been given. e.g. in the 
sentence ‘She was interested in many subjects, for example, food technology.’ ‘for example’ signals that an 
example will follow. In the sentence ‘By the way, they’ve become good friends.’ ‘by the way’ signals that the 
remark gives additional information not wholly coherent with previous information.