Microsoft Word stilistika O'UM. doc

Stylistic inversion. The direct word order in modern English is a well known 
fact for everybody. This word order is considered to be neutral and deprived of any 
stylistic information. But according to the writer’s aim the word order may be 
changed in the sentence after which the emphasis spring up. The leading stylistic 
function of inversion is to add emotional coloring to the surface meaning of the 
utterance and to add accessory meaning to the narration. It is the practical realization 
of the potential possibilities of the language. They are realized in the following 
widely used patterns of stylistic inversion. 
1. The object is at the beginning of the sentence of direct object. E.g. Poems he 
wanted to enjoy
b. An indirect object 
c. The prepositional object stands before the subject. 
2. The attribute is after the word is modified.
3. The predicative is placed before the subject. 
4. The adverbial modifier is at the beginning of the sentence. 
5. The modifier and predicate stand before the subject. 
6. Simple verbal predicate also serves to lay the emphatic stress on the subject. 
7. In compound sentences the emphasis can be expressed when subordinate clauses 
stand at the beginning of the sentence. 
The main SF of inversion is to put stress in one parts of the sentence which is 
significant. E.G. Away went Alice like the wind.
Inversion is often employed in poetry for the sake of rhyme and rhythm.
Repetition. As a SD is a typified generalization of essential features of the 
language means that express emotive excited state of mind. E.G. She shricked loudly, 
“Where is my baby? But where is my baby? I want to know where is my baby?” The 
repetition of these phrases is not a SD here. It is only a means by which the excited 
state of mind is shown.
The excited speech is always broken, fragmentary illogical and that’s why the 
repetition of some words, word combinations and parts of the sentence is quite 
natural. When repetition becomes a SD it brings logical emphasis to a certain part of 
the utterance in order to attract the reader’s attention.
Like other SD repetition has several structural types. 
1.The repeated word or phrase stands at the beginning of each sentence, clause or 
phrase. This repetition is called anaphora. 
2.Repetition of a final word or word group is called epiphora. E.g. When I go into a 
bank I get raffled. The clerks ruffle me. The wicketc raffle me. The sight of money 
raffles me. Everything raffles me. In these cases repetition has the function of 
creating the background against which the proceeding statements become more 
prominent 

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3.Frame repetition when the beginning of a syntactical unit, or a paragraph is 
repeated at the end. This structural type of repetition is sometimes called ring 
repetition.
E.g. Our hands have met, but not our hearts. 
Our hearts will never meet again. 
Friends, if we ever have been, 
Friends we cannot now remain. 
I only know I loved you once 
I only know I loved in vain. 
4. Another model of repetition is linking repetition or anadiplosis. The last word or 
phrase of an utterance is repeated at the beginning of the next part. Anadiplosis serves 
to stress the most important part of the utterance. E.g. To Jan it was as though a 
curtain had been raised in her mind – a curtain from which she recoiled in honor. 
5. There are cases when linking device is repeated several times in one utterance. 
This compositional form of repetition is called chain repetition. E.g. But two minutes 
later the sun vanished behind flying cloudly continents, a relative darkness descended 
on the summer afternoon, and rain too descended – descended in such soaking 
overwhelming quantities that…. 
6. The next type of repetition is root repetition. E.g. the child smiled the smile, and 
laughed the laughter of contentment. In this example not the same word, but the 
same root is repeated. 
7. Synonym repetition consists in the reiteration of the same notion by means of 
various synonyms. The poetry of earth is never dead, the poetry of earth is ceasing 
never. 
One of the leading functions of repetition is to intensify the utterance, to bring 
emphasis into narration. However, the overuse of repetition may bring sadness, 
meditation and thus monotony appears which is considered the lack of style.
In poetry repetition performs the rhythmical function. Among different 
functions of repetition we distinguish so called background function. The SF of this 
type of repetition is to create the background against which the unrepeated words 
and word combinations become more emphatic and thus more important.