Minds and Computers : An Introduction to the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence
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a fortiori
even more strongly, by the same reasoning. ‘Brunswick is in Melbourne, therefore it is in Victoria; a fortiori, it is in Australia.’ activation function one of the two functions implemented by each processing node of an artificial neural network which deter- mines, given a level of activation, whether or not the node should fire. adicity the number of inputs which a function takes. a fferent incoming (signal conduction). algorithm another name for an e ffective procedure – a systematic method which requires no understanding for its execution and which can be completed in finite time. allophone a phonetic variant of a phoneme whose context- dependent production is determined by phonetic realisation rules. amphiboly a property of certain syntactic structures such that they admit of multiple semantic interpretations. ‘I saw the man on the hill with the telescope.’ anomalous monism the view that certain physical states have irre- ducibly non physical properties. antecedent the left-hand side of a conditional. aphasia a language deficit. Common forms include Broca’s aphasia, Wernicke’s aphasia and conduction aphasia. artificial intelligence, strong the contentious view that it is possible to develop artefacts which have minds in the sense that we have minds. artificial intelligence, weak the uncontentious view that it is possible to create artefacts which are able to implement certain functions which are held to be (weakly) constitutive of intelligence. Often used to sell white goods. artificial neural network a structure of weighted connections between simple processing units – each of which implements a transfer function and an activation function – the propagation of 211 activation through which constitutes parallel distributed processing. Artificial neural networks are modelled on ‘brain style’ information processing. Download 1.05 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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