Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of Republic of Uzbekistan
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analytical reading
Stylistic Analysis The structure of the sonnet is not strictly conventional, i.e. it is not divided into the octave and the sestet. However it must be noted, that the poet tackles the same theme (love) in different ways. Analysing the rhythmical pattern of the sonnet one may find some deviations from the conventional scheme. Note: 1) Rhythmical inversion in lines 1, 8, 9; 2) the cases where it is possible to use spondee as an intensifier (an intensifying modifier of rhythm) in lines 8, 12, 14. Note that spondee emphasizes the blackness of the ghastly night, and the contrast between its ugliness and the beauty of the vision, which ―makes black night beauteous and her old face new‖ (lines 8, 12). Spondee in the epigrammatic line of the sonnet stresses the poet‘s attitude towards the objects of his love, the intensity of his feelings which deprives the poet of ―quiet‖, rest both physical or mental. Note that the imagery employed by the poet is none the less impressive for being simple and realistic. The poet compares his train of thoughts with the journey of a pilgrim to some sacred place: ―For then my thoughts, from far where I abide, intend a zealous pilgrimage to thee…‖ (lines 5,6) The metaphors ―journey in my head‖ (line3) and ―pilgrimage‖ (line6) as well as the epithet ―zealous‖ (line 6) are keyed to one purpose, namely, to stress the poet‘s longing for his beloved. Hence a long journey is the key image here. Note the use of synonyms ―travel‖, ―journey‖, ―pilgrimage‖ in the sonnet. Pay attention to the fact that the sonnet opens with the inversion ―Weary with toil, I haste me to my bed…‖. This SD stresses the poet‘s physical exhaustion and his craving for rest. Note that the poet uses ―work‖ in the first case as the infinitive (―to work my mind‖), in the second case the word ―work‖ is a noun (―when body‘s work‘s expired‖). This peculiar manipulation with words produces the effect of repetition which brings out the contrast between the physical condition of the poet and his mental state. This contrast may be regarded as a kind of antithesis based on the use of antonyms (―mind‖ –―body‖).
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Developing his theme further the poet passes over to another set of contrasting images; he describes the ghastly darkness of night and the shining beauty of his vision (―which… makes black night beauteous, and her old face new‖). This contrast is revealed through various means. The intensity of darkness is enhanced by the striking use of combinations which have the character of oxymoron: ―darkness which the blind do see‖, ―sightless view‖. The contrast between the ugliness of ―ghastly night‖ and the beauty of the poet‘s vision is revealed most emphatically by the use of a sustained simile (line 11) ―which, like a jewel hung in ghastly night, makes black night beauteous and her old face new‖. Note that such adjectives as ―black‖, ―old‖, ―new‖, ―beauteous‖ opposed to each other for the sake of contrast, acquire a great emotional force and become epithets. The epigrammatic lines of the sonnet sum up the idea of the poet, whose overwhelming feeling for his beloved is revealed with a striking force. The parallel constructions help to bring out the intensity of the poet‘s feelings. Note the subtle use of antonyms (―day – night‖) and contextual antonyms (―my limbs‖ – my mind‖). These linguistic means supported by parallelism create the antithesis which culminates the whole sonnet.
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