Ministry of higher education, science and

NOVEL
YEAR 
The Grapes of Wrath 
1939 
Of Mice and Men 
1937 
East of Eden 
1952 

 

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17 
CONCLUSION 
Works written in the direction of adventure were the first in which literature began 
to form it has been very popular since time immemorial. And as a reason for this, 
the primitive human many dangerous conflicts that have occurred in his life, 
problems with the climate, displacement situations are brought. These situations that 
occur in life can be attributed to the human mind impenetrable. They began to be 
reflected in literature. In particular, we will clearly witness this in so many types of 
folk oral creativity. Epics focusing on the plot, the main factor in the formation of 
the character of the heroes as we see the direction of adventure. Characters during 
their adventures having certain experiences, he matures. 
 

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18 
CHAPTER 3. The works of the masters of the adventure genre 
3.1. Adventure details in Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe 
 
Daniel Defoe. Daniel Defoe was born in 
London in 1660, the son of a butcher called James 
Foe (Daniel later changed his name to Defoe, 
because it was a more fashionable name). He went to 
a church school, and then went into business, buying 
and selling different things, and travelling all over 
Europe. He fought against one king Games II), and 
later joined the army of another king (William III). 
He went to prison twice because he wrote clever 
booklets against the church and the government. He travelled a lot, worked as aspy, 
started his own newspaper, and has more than 500 pieces of writing to his name - 
more than any other writer in the English language. It was a very full, busy, and 
exciting life. He died in 1731, in Ropemaker's Alley, London.When he was nearly 
sixty years old, he began to write No vels. These include Captain Singleton, Moll 
Flanders, and Roxana, but he is remembered best today for Robinson Crusoe. This 
was his first novel, written in 1719, and it was an immediate success. Defoe used the 
true story of a sailor called Alexander Selkirk, who was left by pirates on Juan 
Fernandez, a small island in the Pacific Ocean. He lived there alone for four years, 
and was rescued by a ship in 1709. Many people call Robinson Crusoe the first 
English novel. It appears in many different languages, films are made of it, and the 
story of Crusoe on his island is still enjoyed today by both children and adults all 
over the world
7
. 
The novels “Robinson Crusoe” and “Moll Flanders” by Daniel Defoe (1660-
1731), a major exponent of English literature, are considered to be classics that 
began a new direction in world literature. The author became especially involved in 
7
Defoe", 
The Oxford Companion to English Literature
, ed. Margaret Drabble. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 
1996), p. 265. 

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19 
eternity with his work “Robinson Crusoe”. Through this work, watered with the 
spirit of the Enlightenment, the writer fulfilled the enormous task of laying the 
foundation for the social realistic romanticism of the 19th century. Defoe's tradition 
of Romanticism was developed by such famous writers as Henry Fielding, George 
Smollett, Charles Dickens. 
Today's reader can imagine that adib, who created the famous novel "Robinson 
Crusoe", lived his whole life inside shonu fame. Was it actually? This question 
interests everyone. 
We all know that "Robinson Crusoe" is among the masterpieces of artistry, which 
are loved not only by children, but also by adults. It is noteworthy that the ideas of 
the Enlightenment of England developed in common with the Enlightenment of 
Germany. We also see this in the work of the great German poet Goethe. Daniel 
Defoe artistically expressed the ideas of the era as a representative of his 
contemporary, his class. The writer took the field as a harbinger of the progressive 
worldview of his contemporaries. 
Robinson's life on a deserted island, the resourcefulness, courage, will, the pain of 
overcoming hardships inherent in the creator man are described in the novel with 
great artistic skill. The work sounds like a labor anthem. It is this talent that bois 
Robinson Crusoe retains his humanity. This is exactly what the attractiveness, 
instructive qualities and educational significance of this literary hero is. The creative 
achievement of the writer is the skillful absorption of specific events in the novel 
into art. Labor is cited as a leading factor in Robinson's ability to maintain the image 
of humanity for years on a deserted island in extremely difficult conditions when he 
is in a state of crisis
8
. 
8
Bastian, F. (1981).