Module : Unit Definitions, Characteristics and Principles of esp contents
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Theme1
Self Assessment Exercise
(a) Using at least three definitions explain the term ESP. (b) ESP is a process not a product. Explain. 3.2 The Relationship between English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and English Language Teaching (ELT) Now that you know what ESP is, let us examine ESP as a branch of ELT. Robinson (1989) describes ESP as a type of English Language Teaching (ELT) and defines it as: “Goal- oriented language learning” (p. 398). This means a student has a specific goal that is going to be attained. Coffey (1985) sees ESP as a major part of communicative language teaching in general. Umera-Okeke (2005, p. 4) adapting Hutchinson and Waters (1987) ELT Tree traced the relationship between ELT and ESP. She establishes that the general purpose of language teaching was initially as a result of learning and communication which was later narrowed to ELT. English was taught as a Mother Tongue (EMT), a Foreign Language (EFL) or a Second Language (ESL). It was ESL and EFL as branches of ELT that later gave rise to ESP and GE. This is as illustrated in The ELT Diagram below. Fig 1: The ELT Diagram (Source: Umera-Okeke, 2005:4) The diagram illustrates that ESP is an approach to language teaching. This is a similar conclusion to that made by Hutchinson and Waters (1987) who state that, “ESP is an approach to language teaching in which all decisions as to content and method are based on the learner's reason for learning” (p.19). It is not a matter of teaching specialized varieties of English; not a matter of science words and grammar for scientists; not different from any other kind of language teaching but concerns what people do with the language and the range of knowledge and abilities that enable them to do it (Hutchinson & Waters, 1981). This definition is as against seeing ESP as a product, that is, there is no particular kind of language or methodology nor does it consists of a particular type of reading material. It is rather an approach to language learning based on learner’s need (Why does the learner need to learn a foreign language?). LANGUAGE TEACHING GE ESP EFL ESL PRY. SECONDARY TERTIARY EST EBE ESS LEARNING AND COMMUNICATION EMT ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING EAP EOP EVP VESL ENGLISH FOR TEACHING ENGLISH FOR HOTEL MEDICAL ENGLISH LEGAL ENGLISH ESP COURSES From everything said, you can see that some of the qualities of ESP as one of the ELT branches include that: 1. ESP has specific needs. 2. ESP has content related materials. 3. ESP is centred on particular language function, skills (listening, speaking, writing, and reading); English components (grammar, pronunciation, vocabulary) or activities. 4. ESP is learner-centred. 5. ESP is perceived as relevant by the learners. Download 363.65 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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