Module 1 – Grammar

Infer attitude, feeling, mood 
To decide how a writer or speaker feels about something from the way that they speak or write, rather than from what 
they actually and openly say or the words they use. 
 
Intensive listening/reading 
Reading or listening to focus on how language is used in a text. See extensive reading/listening. 
 
Interaction 
noun
, interact 
verb
, interactive strategies
 
Interaction is ‘two-way communication’. Interactive strategies are the means used, especially in speaking, to keep 
people involved and interested in what is said, e.g. eye contact, use of gestures, functions such as repeating, 
asking for clarification.  
 
Layout 
The way in which parts of a text are organised and presented on a page. Certain texts have special layouts, e.g. 
letters and newspaper articles. 
 
Listen/read for detail 
To read or listen to a text in order to get meaning out of every word.  
 
Listen/read for gist 
To read or listen to a text to understand its general meaning or purpose. See skim. 
 
Listen/read for mood 
To read or listen to a text in order to identify the feelings of the writer or speaker. See infer attitude/feeling/mood. 
 
Note-taking 
noun, 
take notes
 verb 
Note-taking is one of the subskills of writing. To take notes means to write down ideas in short form.
 
Oral fluency: see fluency. 
 
Paragraph 
noun + verb 
A paragraph is part of a longer piece of writing such as an essay, which starts on a new line and usually contains a 
single new idea. When a writer is paragraphing, he/she is creating paragraphs. See topic sentence.