Mundarija O'zbek tilida gap bo'laklari tartibi

Holning o'rni
Hol deyarli har doim vositasiz to'ldiruvchini kesimdan ajratadi. U yo kesimdan oldin yoki vositasiz to'ldiruvchidan keyin keladi.
e.g Helen heard me patiently to the end.
Biz juda yaxshi ayta olamizki "Helen patiently heard me in the end ", lekin holning boshqa hech qanday holatda bu yerda bo'lishi mumkin emas, garchi bu urg'u ma'nosini anglatib kelsa ham, bu holatda u gapning boshida joylashtiriladi.
Xattoki, hol vositasiz to'ldiruvchini o'zining fe'lidan ajratadi, agar to'ldiruvchi aniqlovchiga ega bo'lsa,
e.g He knew instinctively the principles, of "Pyramiding " and "kiting" . He could read English but he saw there an oily speech.
Payt ergash gap odatda yo gapning boshida yoki oxirida keladi.
e.g On Tuesday night the new laundrymen arrived, and the rest of the week was spent breaking them into the routine.
Probably we shall try tomorrow
Now va then ravishlari bilan ifodalangan hol deyarli tanlangan bir holatda ishlatishimiz mumkin.
e.g Tess then rememberd that she would have been time for this. Indeed, anything untoward was now sedulously kept from. James. We now slowly ascended a drive and came upon the long front of a house.
Eslatma: Payt ergash gaplarda day, night, evening, morning kabi payt ravishlaridan oldin soati aniq ko'rsatiladi.
At nine in the evening Badly White, opened the door to the room and poked his head in.
O'rin ergash gaplar odatda yo gapning boshida yoki oxirida turadi.
e.g. Down in the mill yard a Bessemer furnace was blawing flame into the sky.
Geodin led the guests into the parlaur. There it was all spiritual. Here it was all material and meanly
material ... a library was a most likely place for her, and he might see her there.
Hattoki, o'rin ergash gaplar ba'zan kesim bilan predlogli to'ldiruvchi o'rtasida keladi.
e.g He emerged from the theatre with the first of the crowd.
O'rin ergash gaplar odatda payt va maqsad ergash gaplardan oldin keladi.
e.g. I am going to the country tomorrow.
Well, they only kept up there about an hour.
Sybel had gone to town to buy a new carpet.
For the first floor landing.
3. Tez-tez qaytalanadigan ergash gaplarning o'rni ko'pincha boshqa bir nechta ergash gaplarda qaraganda belgilanadigan bo'ladi. Ularni boshqa bir holatlarda erkin holatda ham uchratish mumkin. Qoidaga ko'ra hozirgi noaniq zamon fe'li kesimlik shaklidan oldin keladi. Ammo "to be” va barcha modal fe'llar ham
ham qo'yiladi
e.g No one ever loved me.
Lily would complain that she always told. Jane everytning she knew. She was always on the point of telling him the truth.
Hattoki, ular ba'zida "to be" fe'lidan oldin kelib ularga urg'u beriladi.
.
e.g As for Charlie, he heeded frequently to have a confident.
Don't be worrying about what may never happen.
He can never leave out an irreligious finder.
I'd just love to come. But Francis and I can't ever be away together.
Take your hands away, Heickleberry.
What a mess you are always making.
She cared for Ailen more than she had ever cared for any of her children.
"I" never heard of such a thing "she exclaimed" '
It will never be Frank It can't be.
Hattoki-sometimes va generally ravishlari fe'ldan oldin yoki keyin kelishi mumkin.
e.g Far he sometimes thought that, unless he proclaimed to the world what had happened to him, he
would be again full quite in posession of his soul.
e.g And I am so lonely here sometimes.
So'roq gaplarda tez-tez takrorlanib keladigan hol ya'ni ravishlari zudlik bilan egadan keyin keladi.
e.g Did you ever have shoes like that?
Does he often come to see you?
Payt ergash gaplar ba'zan birinchi o'rinni egallaydi. Bu holat odatda inversiyaga sabab bo'lmaydi.
e.g Often he had asked her to come and pass judgemenet on his funk.
Occasionally a small band of people followed the preachers to their mission .
4. Ko'p hollarda ravishdoshlaming shakllari agar fe'l o'timsiz bo'lsa, vositasiz to'ldiruvchidan keyingi o'rinda keladi.
e.g "You needn't worry about me" Louise said stoutly.
Ravish ergash gaplar odatda fe'1-kesim bilan predlogli vositali to'ldiruvchi o'rtasida keladi, garchi to'ldiruvchidan keyin aniqlansa ham
e.g She leaned lightly against his shoulder.
Hattoki, ravish ergash gaplar tez-tez ravish orqali ifodalanadi va zudlik bilan kesimdan oldin keladi.
e.g Bessie was already gone, and had closed the nursery door upon me I slowly descended.

Qo'shma zamon shakllarida ravish ergash gap ravish bilan ifodalanadi va odatda oxirgi yordamchi fe'ldan keyin keladi.

e.g There ladies were deferentially reclined by Miss Temple.
e.g Mr Ernest has been suddenly called back to town.
5. Hol darajali har doim kesimdan oldin keladi, agar fe'l qo'shma zamon shaklda kelsa, ular ilk yordamchilardan keyin keladi
e.g I entirely agree with you.
He has quite forgotten about the concert.
6. Hol darajasi-enough ravish orqali ifodalanadi, odatda sifat keyin, lekin otdan oldin yoki keyin kelishi mumkin.
e.g He is clever enough but very lazy.
Agar enough otni aniqlab kelsa, undan oldin yoki keyin kelishi mumkin.
e.g I have time enough to do it.
b) Hol so bilan ifodalanib so'z boshida keladi.
e.g So beautifuly did she sing that the audience burst into applause
Xulosa
Darhaqiqat, mamlakatimizda xalqimiz ma’naviy rivoji uchun barcha shart-sharoitlar yaratilayotgan bir paytda, tilshunoslik fani ham shu maqsad uchun xizmat qilmog‘i darkor. Mustaqil rivojlanish yo‘lini tanlagan milliy tilshunosligimiz hozirgi paytda, jahon tilshunosligiga xos bo‘lgan ilg‘or g‘oyalarni o‘zlashtirgan holda tilning inson ijtimoiy faoliyatida tutgan o‘rnini aniqlash, uning kommunikativ mohiyatini hamda antropotsentrik xususiyatlarini tadqiq qilish yo‘lidan bormoqda.
Shu jumladan, zamonaviy tilshunoslikning muhim yo‘nalishlaridan bo‘lgan lingvistik qarashlar til birliklaridan nutqiy faoliyat vositasi sifatida foydalanish qonuniyatlari va tamoyillarini aniqlash hamda lisoniy hodisalarning real muloqot sharoitlarida voqealanishi bilan bog‘liq xususiyatlarini belgilash maqsadini ko‘zlaydi. Ushbu tadqiqotning dolzarbligi, bir tomondan, til tizimi va uning asosiy birligi bo‘lgan so‘zning semantik–struktur xususiyatlari tahliliga alohida e’tibor qaratiladi.
”Til- dil kaliti” kabi hikmatli so’zlarni xalqimiz bejiz aytmagan. Qanchalik ko’p til bilsak, shunchalik fikrlashimiz, dunyoqarashimiz ortib boradi. Chunki har bitta til o’rganishda bitta millatni, xalqni o’rganamiz va shuni o’rganishda, albatta, talaffuz muhim ahamiyatga ega. Agar talaffuz yaxshi bo’lsa gapni tushunish, tushuntirib berish ham yaxshi bo’ladi.
Bitiruv malakaviy ishimning I-bobida o’zbek tilida gap turlari va gap tartibi haqida so’z yuritilgan. Ingliz tilida tilshunoslik fanida nutqni o’rganishda ilmiy izlanishlarga e’tibor berish lozim. Asosiy manba hisoblangan ”grammatika”dagi gapdagi so‘zlar bir-biri bilan o‘zaro bog‘langanligi , ularning har biri gapda biror grammatik funksiyani – gap bo‘lagi vazifasini bajarib kelishi ko’rib chiqilgan. Gap bo‘laklari ikkiga – bosh bo‘laklar (ega, kesim) va ikkinchi darajali bo‘laklar (to‘ldiruvchi, aniqlovchi, hol)ga bo‘linishi o’rganib chiqilgan.