Mycoplasma and ureoplasma

Biochemical reactions

• Chemo-organotrophs
• Glucose and arginine utilised(fermentation).
• Non proteolytic
• Require sterols
• sensitive to:
• Heat at 45 C for 15 min
• Taurocholate ,digitonin,tetracycline,erythromycin.
• Resistant to :penicillin,cephalosporin,lysozymes.

Classification

• CLASS
• Mollicutes

• ORDER
• Mycoplasmatales

• MYCOPLASMATACEAE
• MYCOPLASMA
• UREOPLASMA

• ACHOLEPLASMATACEAE
• SAPROPHYTIC
• DO NOT REQUIRE STEROLS

• SPIROPLASMATACEAE
• SPIROPLASMA

• ANAEROPLASMATACEAE
• ANAEROPLASMA
• STRICT ANAEROBES

• Family

PATHOGENICITY

• Saprophytic,parasitic,pathogenic
• Non pathogenic Spp:M orale,M buccale,M salivarium.M genitalium,M fermentans.
• Pathogenic spp:M pneumoniae-RESPIRATORY
• -M hominis-GENITAL
• Mode of infection:1-droplets,fomites-respiratory infections
• 2-Sexual contact,mother to baby in utero or during delivery-urogenital infections
• DISEASES:1.Primary atypical pneumonia
• 2. genital infections
• 3-infections in HIV positive and immunodeficient patients

Primary atypical pneumonia(walking pneumonia)

• M pneumoniae
• Children and young adults
• Tracheobronchitis,pneumonia
• I P-1-3 weeks
• Transmission:droplet infection ,close contact,fomites.
• Clinical features:fever,headache,paroxysmal cough,blood tinged sputum
• Paucity of respiratory signs on examination
• CXR: unilateral Patchy consolidation of lower lobes starting at hilum and fanning out to periphery.
• Usually self limiting in 1-2 weeks
• Complications:bullous myringitis,meningo
• Encephalitis,rash.