Mycoplasma and ureoplasma

NON SPECIFIC TESTS contd.

• 2-Cold agglutination test:
• Principle:presence of macroglobin antibodies in patients with primary atypical pneumonia that agglutinate human goup O cells at low temperature
• Serial dilutions of patients sera are mixed with 0.2% human O group RBCS and clumping is observed after ovenight incubation at 4 °C.
• A titre of >1:32 is suggestive

Molecular methods

• PCR-on respiratory specimens
• Dot blot hybridisation

TREATMENT

• Tetracycline
• Doxycycline
• Erythromycin
• Levofloxacin

Cell wall deficient forms of bacteria

• Mycoplasma
• L forms
• Protoplasts:action of lysozyme on Gm positive bacteria
• Spheroplasts:action of lysozyme on Gm negative bacteria
• -Some cell wall material is retained

L-FORMS OF BACTERIA

• Named after Lister institute London
• Discovered in cultures of Streptobacillus moniliformis by Kleineberger.
• Pleuropneumonia like forms
• Cell wall deficient forms
• Loss of cell wall spontaneously or after penicillin treatment
• Stable or unstable
• Importance:resistance to antibiotics and persistance of infection

UREOPLASMA

• T strain or T form of Mycoplasma-(T for tiny)
• Strains of Mycoplasma that form tiny colonies
• Spp :U ureolyticum,U parvum
• Isolated from urogenital tract
• Non fermentative
• Hydrolyse urea
• Infections: Non Gonococcal Urethritis
• -Opportunistic pathogen in pregnancy(chorioamnionitis)
• -Disseminated infections

Non Gonococcal Urethritis

• Chronic urethritis where gonococcus cannot be demonstrated
• Gm stain with >5 PMNS/OIF and no bacteria is suggestive of NGU
• Symptoms appear 7-14 days after intercourse
• Uretheral irritation,dysuria,mucopurulant discharge
• Causes:C trachomatis
• -M genitalium,M hominis
• -U ureolyticum
• Tetracycline is effective

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