Nature of Uzbekistan Introduction

II. Geography and Climate of Uzbekistan

---

Uzbekistan is located in central Asia and is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Tajikistan to the 
southeast, Kyrgyzstan to the northeast, and Turkmenistan to the southwest. Its location has made it a major 
crossroad for trade and culture, with the famed Silk Road passing through it. The country is predominantly 
desert and steppe, with the Kyzyl Kum desert covering the central region and the Karakum and Ustyurt 
plateaus in the north. The Amu Darya River flows through the country, providing a source of water for 
agriculture. The climate of Uzbekistan is continental, with hot summers and cold winters. Temperatures 
can fluctuate widely across the country, being significantly colder in the northeast compared to the 
southwest. Rainfall is sparse and mainly occurs in the winter months. The severe climate, particularly 
in the distant past when irrigation systems were limited, has affected the ability of the land to support life, 
leading to nomadism and the formation of a relatively underdeveloped society.
- Overview of the country's geography and landforms
Uzbekistan is located in Central Asia and covers an area of approximately 447,400 square kilometers. The 
country's geography is dominated by the great Aral Sea depression, which includes the Amu Darya River 
and the Syr Darya River basins. In addition to the Aral Sea depression, Uzbekistan is also home to several 
mountain ranges, including the Tien Shan and Pamir-Alai ranges, which stretch across the eastern and 
southeastern borders of the country. These mountains play an essential role in Uzbekistan's water supply, 
as they are the source of numerous rivers that flow into neighboring countries. The country's landforms 
include vast deserts, such as the Kyzylkum and Karakum deserts, which cover much of Uzbekistan's south 
and west, while the north and east are relatively flat and contain fertile valleys and plains. Despite its arid 
nature, Uzbekistan's landscape is rich and diverse, providing a unique habitat for its flora and fauna.