Navaiy state pedagogical institute the faculty the english language and literature the department of the english language and literature

The topicality of the course paper is that it's significant to provide information about V.Hugo's aesthetic views and to inform his fiction which was named “Notre Dame Cathedral”.
Aim of the work is to describe genre, structure, meaning and style of this fiction.
Theoretical value of the paper is that Construction on the stunning piece of gothic architecture began in 1163, and the wood out of which it was built was taken from trees that are hundreds of years older. Among other noteworthy events, Henry VI of England was crowned King of France inside of Notre Dame in 1431, and it was also inside its walls that Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned emperor in 1804. Perhaps Notre Dame is most famously known for the attention drawn to it by Victor Hugo in his 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame.
Practical value of the paper is that it is used as a material on the lectures of the History of the English literature and historical websites.
The structure of the course paper consists of introduction, two chapters, four paragraphs, conclusion and the list of used literature. In the introduction I gave brief description to my course work. In the first chapter, I searched specific information about V.Hugo's writing style and view. Furthermore, in the second chapter I wrote about his well- known novel “Notre Dame cathedral”.
The Conclusion part sums up the done work.
The reference contains the most known and significant researchers for the given work.
CHAPTER I. Aesthetic views of V.Hugo and details which were caused of creating his novels.

1.1 V.Hugo's writing styles and aesthetic views .
Who is V. Hugo ?
Victor Hugo, in full Victor-Marie Hugo, (born February 26, 1802, Besançon, France—died May 22, 1885, Paris), poet, novelist, and dramatist who was the most important of the French Romantic writers. Though regarded in France as one of that country’s greatest poets, he is better known abroad for such novels as Notre-Dame in Paris (1831) and Les Miserables (1862).
Early in Victor Hugo's novel of medieval Paris, Notre Dame de Paris, the antagonist, Claude Frollo, utters a terrifying line. He directs the eyes of two visitors from a book on his desk to the massive silhouette of Notre Dame cathedral beyond his door, Frollo then announces: «This will kill that.»

«That» is the cathedral, «this» is the machine that produced the book on his desk: the printing press. «Small things overcome great ones,» Frollo laments, «the book will kill the building.»

Hugo – the history of architecture is the history of writing. Before the printing press, mankind communicated through architecture. From Stonehenge to the Parthenon, alphabets were inscribed in «books of stone.» Rows of stones were sentences, Hugo insists, while Greek columns were «hieroglyphs» pregnant with meaning.
Which genre he used to write?
Hugo wrote prolifically in all genres, however, his plays proved to be his earliest critical and commercial successes. France’s 1830 July Revolution opened Hugo’s creative floodgates, and he began producing a steady stream of work, most notably the novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831). Hugo also began to cultivate his interest in politics and was elected to France’s National Assembly after the revolution of 1848. Hugo remained in exile until 1870, when he returned to his home country as a national hero. He continued to write until his death in 1885. He was buried with every conceivable honor in one of the grandest funerals in modern French history.
Which style did he write his novels ?
Hugo remains one of the most popular and respected authors in French literature. His writings were cultural fixtures throughout the nineteenth century, and he quickly emerged as one of the leaders of the Romantic movement in literature. Hugo also developed his own brand of imaginative realism, a literary style that combines realistic elements with exaggerated symbolism. In this style, each character represents a significant social issue of the time. Indeed, political concerns dominate much of Hugo’s writing, and he used his work to champion causes such as universal suffrage and free education. Hugo believed that the modern writer had a mission to defend the less fortunate members of society. Though he often drew criticism for his politics, his passion for documenting injustice ultimately led to widespread praise for both his literary and social achievements.
In his youth and under the influence of his mother, he identified as a Catholic and professed respect for Church hierarchy and authority. From there he became a non-practising Catholic and increasingly expressed anti-Catholic and anti-clerical views.
Hugo focuses on three areas that particularly need reform: education, criminal justice, and the treatment of women. He conveys much of his message through the character of Fantine, a symbol for the many good but impoverished women driven to despair and death by a cruel society.
Victor Hugo is remembered as a beloved writer of the people, who knew how to write with simplicity and power of common joys and sorrows. He is also remembered for the verbal inventiveness and technical virtuosity with which he created poems ranging from intimate lyrics to visionary and prophetic epics.
Hugo was a feminist in that he believed in and fought for equal rights for women and men. For him, everyone has the same natural rights. In addition, he recognized how hard it was for women to succeed without having the same privileges as men.
Victor-Marie Hugo was a French poet, novelist, playwright, essayist, visual artist, statesman and human rights campaigner, recognized as the most influential Realist writer of the 19th century.
He spoke against the death penalty and social injustice. Hugo raised to political fame after the February revolution and was ultimately elected as a representative of Paris.
Internationally famous for his classic novels Les Misérables and Notre-Dame de Paris (more commonly known in English as The Hunchback of Notre-Dame), Hugo is a national icon in France, on the same level as Shakespeare and Dickens in the United Kingdom.
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¹ Victor Hugo w.w.Norton & Company. 1999.
When we say that Victor Hugo's tone is empirical, it means that he backs up everything he tells us about his characters with evidence. When he has no evidence to give, he makes no judgment, which is not a bad strategy to use on our own judgments on other people. Whenever we say a person is this or that, we should be able to give specific examples and hard evidence. When speaking of Bishop Myriel, for example, Hugo writes:
Amid the distractions and frivolities that occupied his life, did it happen that he was suddenly overtaken by one of those mysterious and awful revulsions which, striking to the heart, change the nature of a man who cannot be broken by outward disasters affecting his life and fortune? No one can say. All that is known is that when he returned from Italy he was a priest. (1.1.1.2)
As you can see from his passage, Hugo is constantly making us aware of how limited our knowledge of other people really is. Yes, our brains are usually tempted to jump to conclusions because we like to think we can size people up immediately. But when you actually hold
yourself to hard evidence, you realize how little you can actually back up.
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² The home and foreign review.1863

Now usually, you'd expect an empirical tone to sound scientific and rational. But Hugo does a great job of blending poetic and descriptive language with his empirical approach to characters. And when you get both together, you get a super rich style.

Hugo focuses on three areas that particularly need reform: education, criminal justice, and the treatment of women. He conveys much of his message through the character of Fantine, a symbol for the many good but impoverished women driven to despair and death by a cruel society.

Victor Hugo is remembered as a beloved writer of the people, who knew how to write with simplicity and power of common joys and sorrows. He is also remembered for the verbal inventiveness and technical virtuosity with which he created poems ranging from intimate lyrics to visionary and prophetic epics.

Victor Hugo Quotes

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  Progress must believe in God. …
  
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  Whom man kills God restores to life; whom the brothers pursue the Father redeems. …
  
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  He who knows the answer to this knows all things. …
  
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  The power of a glance has been so much abused in love stories, that it has come to be disbelieved in. …
  
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  It is nothing to die.
  

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From 1816, at least, Hugo had conceived ambitions other than the law. He was already filling notebooks with verses, translations—particularly from Virgil—two tragedies, a play, and elegies. Encouraged by his mother, Hugo founded a review, the Conservateur Littéraire (1819–21), in which his own articles on the poets Alphonse de Lamartine and André de Chénier stand out. His mother died in 1821, and a year later Victor married a childhood friend, Adèle Foucher, with whom he had five children. In that same year he published his first book of poems, Odes et poésies diverses, whose royalist sentiments earned him a pension from Louis XVIII. Behind Hugo’s concern for classical form and his political inspiration, it is possible to recognize in these poems a personal voice and his own particular vein of fantasy.

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