Navroz national holiday

NAVROZ NATIONAL HOLIDAY
Plan:
1. Nowruz national holiday.
2. History of Nowruz holiday.
3. Nowruz is one of our great values and our national holiday

The ancient national holiday Navruz (translated from Persian means "new day") is celebrated on March 21. This day is the equinox. With the advent of this holiday, many Uzbek families prepare various national dishes such as Sumalak, Halim, Kok somsa, Osh. These foods are rich in many vitamins that are useful for the human body.

After the independence of our country, the ancient customs and traditions of the Uzbek people came into force, including the celebration of Navruz, which acquired its own character. This holiday is a national holiday with a symbol of friendship and unity of all peoples. Nowruz holiday is solemnly celebrated in Alisher Navoi Square.
History of Nowruz holiday
Nowruz (Navruz) holiday is one of the ancient holidays of the Persian-Tajik and Turkic peoples. This holiday is celebrated on March 21, which coincides with the equinox. According to the historical sources and according to the opinion of our scientists, the formation period of Nowruz included centuries from the earliest times to the emergence of "Zoroastrianism". The word Navroz is derived from the Persian-Tajik language and means "New Day". Nowruz has been a favorite holiday of people with unbiased intentions since ancient times. In those days, even wars and quarrels stopped, grudges were forgiven. The kings rewarded the most deserving people from among the people and forgave the sins of some prisoners. In the joyous moments when spring and new days have an important place in every heart, the question "Where and when did Navruz appear?" is given a reasonable answer in the article "Onakuti's generosity" published in "Saodat" magazine. It includes: "The land of Khorezm, the homeland of the great scholars who gave the world the first alphabet, and the founder of worldly sciences, was called Khwairazam in ancient times, even in the thousand years before Christ. The archeological and ethnographic researches carried out in the following years confirmed that Navruz holiday was celebrated in Parthia for the first time on the same land as Nisa (that is, Parthia, the capital of the female city) in the works of Greek and European philosophers. A clear example of this is the "fire house" that was built in Burgut Castle, Jombok Castle and Nisa Fortress and has been preserved to this day. There was a mausoleum with a blue dome in the center of Eagle Castle. In the mihrab of the mausoleum, Anakuti held an Emerald stone in his raised hand. On the spring equinox, the first day of the month of Hamal according to the lunar calendar, on March 22 according to our current calendar, the sunlight from the hole in the dome of the mausoleum fell on the Emerald stone in Onakuti's hand and lit fire in the hearth of the pot ready for cooking sumak. In Firdausi's "Shahnoma", the New Year holiday is associated with the name of King Jamshid. For example, in order to do good to the country, Jamshid teaches people a profession, melts iron and makes weapons, spins yarn and weaves clothes, builds buildings, reveals the secrets of medicine, builds a ship, and creates a garden. Finally, "the fruit of his work" will one day make a throne and ascend to heaven. According to this legend, Navruz was celebrated on the same day. Alisher Navoi in his work "Tarihi mulki ajam" ("The history of the kings of Ajam") states that the great Navruz was invented after Jamshid's great discoveries. Navoi wrote: "Jamshid built an unprecedented and unbelievable high building named Chihil minar... "this building was finished, the world gathered greetings and news, and then celebrated. At that time, the rabbi who believed in the sun was doing taqweel and put him on the throne in the building, spread justice and sound to the world, and celebrated Nawroz on his day. In fact, although it is difficult to show exactly when and how Navroz was created, it can be said that this holiday was discovered by wise people. Because the birth of Nowruz was connected with the deeply scientific laws of the universe and nature, i.e. the entry of the Sun into the Hamal sign, the equinox of day and night, the lengthening of the day, and the beginning of revival in nature. This was the basis for celebrating Nowruz as a revival holiday regardless of when the beginning of the year comes (in any society). In addition, if we turn to the deep roots of Nowruz, it goes back to the most ancient times - the spring holidays that were held in the fields after the transition of primitive people to agriculture, before the start of the new working season. Nowruz is one of our great values and our national holiday that has come down to us from ancient times. The world of spirituality, from the mythological imaginations of our ancient ancestors to the views of our contemporaries, is embedded in its composition, and it always draws strength and energy from the various achievements of human cultural development. Various opinions have been expressed about when Navruz, the most lively and ancient holiday of the peoples of the East, appeared. The famous scientist Khadi Zarif Navrozi was right when he estimated the age of the universe to be at least three thousand years, or even older. After all, the 10th-century Bukhara scientist Narshakhi, talking about the songs of the peasants about the name Siyovush, which are sung during Nowruz, wrote, "More than three thousand years have passed since these words took place." . Historical information about the emergence of Spring and Labor Day has undergone various changes over time and has reached these days. Most of such legends connect the creation of Navrozi world with the legendary Jamshid. In ancient legends about Nowruz, the emergence of this national holiday is connected to the rituals of our ancestors related to the spring season and the beginning of field work. Nowruz begins on the night of March 21 to March 22 with the "Kazan Tola" udum. Sumak and Halim were also cooked this evening. This pot of food was opened the next day. Nowruz is a national holiday that "fills the cauldron", that is, celebrates auspiciousness. In Nowruz, the boiling of sumacs in pots and pans is a sign of abundance, fruitfulness of the fields, and the generosity of gardens full of fruit. In one of the Kazakh folk songs dedicated to Ulus day, i.e. Nowruz: If the pot is full on Ulus day, There will be plenty of milk throughout the year, If you get applause from the great ones, You will die that year. It will be! Folklore materials related to Nowruz holiday, sumak celebration, boychechak, lola saili - folk songs, beliefs, children's games, legends and narratives, rituals and traditions, published as a separate collection. It has a great practical significance in preserving the ancient traditions of Nowruz. Among our people, there are many intelligent people who know ancient songs, beliefs and traditions related to Nowruz. Where is Nowruz celebrated? This holiday has been widely celebrated among Turkic peoples and Persian-Tajik peoples since ancient times. At first, celebrating Nowruz was a tradition of settled peasants, and later it became a tradition of semi-settled and nomadic Turkic peoples. Over the centuries, the rituals of celebrating Navruz in different nations have adapted to their lifestyle and ideology. According to historical sources, the celebration of Nowruz began in the Achaemenid era and was considered one of the biggest holidays in the peoples of Central Asia, Iran, and Afghanistan. After the introduction of Islam to these countries, Navruz holiday was banned, but the people continued to celebrate their beloved holiday. Since the period when the peoples of Central Asia and Iran got rid of the rule of the Arab caliphate (9-10 AD), the celebration of Nowruz has become official again. Based on information from ancient books, Abulqasim Firdavsi in his work "Shahnoma" connects the emergence of Nowruz holiday with the name of the legendary king Jamshid. Information about Nowruz holiday can be found in Abu Rayhan Beruni's "Memorials from Ancient Folklore" and other works, Omar Khayyam's "Navroznama". Mahmud Koshgari's work "Devonu lug'otit-turk" contains folk songs dedicated to Nowruz. Central Asian historian scholar Abu Bakr al-Narshahi (899-959) wrote in his "History of Bukhara" that people slaughtered roosters at the beginning of Siyovush's grave on Nowruz day, and more than three thousand years have passed since that. "History of Bukhara", T., 1966). Other sources also have information about the celebration of Nowruz in Central Asia. The people living in the territory of Uzbekistan welcomed this day with joy as the beginning of the new year. Preparations started a few days ago. Wheat was harvested and sumak was prepared from its grass, dishes such as green dumplings and mint somsa were cooked, folk games such as horse-riding, goat-fighting, wrestling were held, and songs about spring were sung. On the first day of Navruz, in rural areas, children gathered in front of the doors of houses and sang a song dedicated to Navruz. The owner of the house treated them with gifts and food. The children shared some of the food with the widows in the village. This udum is still preserved in some villages of Samarkand and Jizzakh regions. Nowruz is not only a New Year's holiday, but also a labor holiday. As it can be seen from the given information, Navruz was a festival in Central Asia long before the adoption of Islam. However, during the former Soviet regime (from the mid-80s of the 20th century), Navruz was unjustifiably banned among religious holidays and rituals. Today, Navruz holiday was revived after the independence of Uzbekistan and other countries in Central Asia, along with other values. Navruz is celebrated as one of the national holidays in Uzbekistan, and March 21 has been declared a holiday. Every year, on this day, festive parades and concerts are organized in the streets and squares of all regions of the republic. During several days, events dedicated to Nowruz are held in the neighborhoods, sumak, halim and other traditional dishes are cooked. On Navruz days, mayors, neighborhood activists, charitable organizations visit children of orphanages, war and labor veterans, lonely elderly people, greet them and share gifts. Nowruz is celebrated in Uzbekistan on March 21 and a holiday day is considered. Nowruz is a holiday of life, the beginning of a new day associated with the awakening of nature. March 21 is widely celebrated by Eastern peoples as the day of the equinox - the New Year, that is, Nowruz. For the farmer, it is the starting stage of cultivation work. Our ancestors and grandmothers celebrated this holiday and held various, colorful rituals and ceremonies. In the old days, our ancestors moved from their winter destinations - villages to their summer places of work and recreation - summer residences on Nowruz days. Spring planting has begun in the fields. Farmers added to the land. In groups, they organized hashars. The spirit of the departed ancestors is commemorated. Fruit and ornamental trees were planted en masse. Nowruz is a new year, a new life is boiling in the fields and summers. Our ancestors sewed special clothes for Nowruz and celebrated by wearing them. Nowruz dishes are also unique. Among them, especially sumac, halim tayeral has become traditional. Children's participation in this holiday was very active. They played various public festive games on Nowruz holiday. Horse play, chillak, puppet, toshoyin, lapar singing, etc. are among them. Children, teenagers, young women, tall girls have prepared much earlier to actively participate in the sumak cooking ceremony.