Non-finite forms of the verb (FE'ining noaniq shakllari)
O’ZIDAN KEYIN "GERUN (V-ING)" OLADIGAN SO’Z BIRKMALARI RO'YXATI
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GERUND
O’ZIDAN KEYIN "GERUN (V-ING)" OLADIGAN SO’Z BIRKMALARI RO'YXATI
1. Have fun +V-ing - qilib kulishmoq 2. Have a good/ difficulty time + V-ing – Vaqtini... qilib yaxshi/qiyin o'tkazmoq 3. Have difficulty (in) + V-ing - da qiyinchilikka uchramoq 4. Find/Catch +smb+ V-ing - Kimnidir ... qilayotgan paytida topmoq/ tutib olmoq 5. It is no good/use + V-ing - … qilishning foydasi yo’q
6. Smb (to be) late V-ing -… qilib kechikmoq 7. Can't help/avoid V-ing - dan tiyib turolmaslik 8. It is a waste of money/time V-ing - ni isrof qilish 9. Have trouble V-ing - da muammaga uchramoq 10. There is no point in V-ing - ning foydasi yo'q
A GREAT PLACE TO LEARN <<
THE FUTURE BEGINS HERE!!! CALL CENTRE: 97) 282-18-09 11. Spend/Waste+ time/money on V-ing - Vaqtini/Pulini...ga sarflamoq 12. Sit/Stay/Lie/Lean+ somewhere+ Ving- .da.. qilib o'tirmoq/ turmoq/ yotmoq/ suyanmoq 13. There is no harm in Ving - ning zarari yo'q 14. Can't stop/resist V-ing - dan tiya olmaslik - There is no point in trying. You cannot repair the car.
6. Qaratqich kelishik qo'shimchasi "-ning" ma'nosini oluvchi so'zlar(my, your, his, her, our, their, Tom's, Ann's etc..) dan keyin ham doim "Gerund" (V-ing) ishlatiladi: The teacher was angry about Linda's coming to the lesson late.
8. Ingliz tilida biror bir ishni nima sabab dan bajarganligimizni ifodalamoqchi bo'lsak (agar ish harakat active da bo'lsa) ham V-ing ishlatamiz. Ular doim gap boshida keladi. Inkor sababni ifodalamoqchi bo' Isak "Not V-ing" ishlatiladi: Feeling tired, I went to bed early last night. Not knowing the subject very well, Tom took bad mark. lzoh: Aslida yuqoridagi sababni ifodalovchi vaziyat ham because, since(tufayli, sababli) bog'lovchilarining qisqarishidan kelib chiqqan. Bu bog'lovchilar shu ma'noda doim gap boshida keladi va ikkala qismdagi ega bitta shaxs bo'lganda, bog lovchi qismdagi ega va bog'lovchining o'zi tushib qoladi. Fe'l esa V-ing bo'ladi. To'liq gap: Because l felt tired I went to bed early last night. Qisqargan shakli:Feeling tired. I went to bed early last night.
To’liq gap: Since Tom doesn t know the subject very well he took bad mark Qisqargan shakli: Not knowing the subject very well, Tom took bad mark
10. Ingliz tilida sifatlardan keyin odatda to + V1 keladi. Ammo istisno vaziyatdagi worth(arziydigan) va busy(band) sifatlaridan keyin "Gerund" (V- ing) ishlatiladi. - This book is worth reading. I recommend it to you. - Amanda is busy doing her homework at the moment.
"Gerund" ning PRESENT ACTIVE
PRESENT PASSIVE PAST ACTIVE
PAST PASSIVE Verb-ing
being Verb3/-ed having Verb-ed
having Verb/-ed
A GREAT PLACE TO LEARN <<
THE FUTURE BEGINS HERE!!! CALL CENTRE: 97) 282-18-09 shakllari qo'llanadigan vaziyatlar:
"Present Active" (Verb-ing) shakli qachonki yuqoridagi qoidalarda qollangan fe'l(harakat nomi) o'sha gapdagi asosiy fe'ldagi ish-harakat bilan bir vaqtning o'zida yoki undan keyin sodir bo'lganda ishlatiladi: - Amanda enjoys dancing.(Bu vaziyatda to'ldiruvchi bo'lib kelgan gerund dancing asosiy fe'l "enjoys" bilan bir vaqtning o'zida sodir bo'lyabdi)
"Present Passive" (being Verb3/-ed) shakli qachonki yuqoridagi qoidalarda qo'llangan fe'l[harakat nomi) o'sha gapdagi asosiy fe'ldagi ish-harakat bilan bir vaqtning 0'zida yoki undan keyin sodir bo'lganda, hamda ish harakatni ega (subject) emas, ish harakat egaga nisbatan bajarilganda ishlatiladi. - Frank dislikes being watched by other people. (Bu vaziyatda ham to'ldiruvchi bo'lib kelgan gerund being watched asosiy fe'l "dislikes" bilan bir vaqtning o'zida sodir bo'lyabdi ammo egaga nisbatan bajarilyabdi)
"Past Active" (having Verbs/-ed) shakli qachonki yuqoridagi qoidalarda qo'llangan fe'l(harakat nomi) o'sha gapdagi asosiy fe'ldagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bolganda ishlatiladi, ammo bu vaziyatda Verb-ing ning o'zi ham ishlatiladi. Bob admitted having stolen (stealing) the money. (Bu vaziyatda to ldiruvchi bo'lib kelgan fe'lning gerundning shakli "having stolen" asosiy fe'l bo'lib kelgan fe'l "admitted" dan oldin sodir bo'lgan)
"Past Passive" (having been Verb/-ed) shakli qachonki yugoridagi qoidalarda qo'llangan fe'l(harakat nomi) o'sha gapdagi asosiy fe'ldagi ish- harakatdan oldin sodir bolganda, hamda ish-harakatni ega(subject) emas, ish- harakat egaga nisbatan bajarilganda ishlatiladi. Having been bitten by a dog before, Tom is afraid of dogs now. (Bu gapda ham sababni ifodalovchi fe'lning gerund shakli "having been bitten" asosiy fe'l bo'lib kelgan fe'l "is afraid" dan oldin sodir bo'lgan) Download 217.91 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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