О е. X o ‘j a n a z a r o V, М. M ir s o V u r o V, Т. N o r b o b o y e V a ekologiya va barqaror taraqqiyot ta’limi
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Ekologiya va barqaror taraqqiyot ta`limi
E KOLOGIYA
23-shaki. E kologik ta ’lim -tarbiya obyektlari (“B arqaror taraqqiyot ta’fim i” asosida) - 1 4 6 - EK O IO G IY A ... Ijtim oiy Д й Iqtisodiy 24-shakl. ......... ®... .....j bkologik * *v Mahallada N atijalar S a n ita r iy a -g ig iy e n a m a d a n ij'a ti, tu rm u sh tarzi V .. . - - Ijtim oiy T e ja m k o rlik , ish o ‘rin la ri y a ra tish , k ic h ik bizn es, fa ro v o n lik V .- ....... Iqtisodiy M a h a lla o b o d lig i, s u v d a n o q ilo n a fo y d a la n ish , c h iq in d i m u a m m o la rin i hal q ilish v a hoko/.o ...... .......V -. E k o lo g ik A........ ..... ~ Barqaror taraqqiyot asoslari Savol va topshiriqlar 1. Ekologik bilim nima? 2. Ekologik madaniyatni tushuntiring? 3. Ekologik ta’iim va tarbiyani tushuntiring? 4. Barqaror taraqqiyot ta’limini izohlang? EKOLOGIYA X alqaro ekologik sanalar Q o’riqxonalar va milliy b og’lar umumjahon kuni S u v -b o t q o q l a r i umumjahon kuni Dcngiz sutemizuvchilarini himoyalash umumjahon kuni ««! " ~- 21 Kurraiy zami kuni 23 ; ■Navro’z bavrami t 'К* • - 1 , Xalqaro o ’rmonlar kuni Xalqaro meterologiya Xalqaro qushlar kuni kuni Jalion sog'iiqni saqlash kuni Bog'lar marshi Umumjahon cr Taj riba hayvonlarini kuni himoyalash xalqaro kuni - 148 - EKOLOGIYA Quyosh kuni Umumjahon lamakidan vos ktclvish kuni Ekologik ta’lim Xalqaro iqlim kuni kuni Atrof muhitni muhofaza qilish xalqaro kuni ' zmMiS'-’'-- " -s= Jahon okeanlar kuni Jswfaif Xalqaro aholi Butunjahon yovvoyi Ozon qatlam ini. kuni tabiat tondi (WWF) muhofaza qilish xalqaro tashkil etilgan kun kuni imtr Avtoinobilsiz bir Xalqaro turizm kuni Hayvonlami himoyalash kun umumjahon kuni - 1 4 9 - EKOLOGIY'A Yashash joylarini Tabiiy ofatlarga qarsh Butunjahon oziq-ovqatlar muhofaza qilish kurash kuni kuni umumjahon kuni a;»;-»!' Xaridlarsiz bir Pestitsidlarga qarshi kun kurashish xalqaro kuni Xalqaro volonlyoriar (ko’ngillilar) kuni Ekologik bilimlar Xalqaro biologik Kimyoviy xavfsizlik kuni xilma-xillini saqlash xalqaro kuni kuni EKOLOGIYA T o’g ’onlarga qarsh harakatlar xalqaro kuni Jahon suv rcsurslari kuni Cho’llanish va qurg’oqchilikdan himoyalanish umumjahon kuni Xalqaro tog’lar kuni Chiqindi larni ikkilamch qayta ishlash kuni “Sayyoramizni tozalaymiz” kuni Jahon tabiatni muhofaza qilish ittifoqi kuni - 151 - fiKOLOGlYA O'ZBEKCHA - INGLIZCHA EKOLOGIK IZOHLI LUG'AT Abiotik muhit [yun. “a”-inkor ma'nosi, “b io s”- hayot] - 1) tirik organizmlami o'rab turgan notirik jismlardan iborat muhiti; 2) tirik organizmlaming faoliyati bilan bog'liq bo'lmagan tabiat hodisalari. Abiotic environment [greek “a^-particle with negative meaning, “bios ”-life] - not alive physical surrounding of living organisms; 2) natural phenomena irrelevant with activity of living organisms. Adaptatsiya (moslashish) [lot. “adaptatio moslashish, ko'nikish] - tirik organizmlaming muhitning konkret sharoitida barqaror yashab ketishini ta'minlaydigan morfofiziologik, populyatsiyaviy va boshqa xususiyatlarining yig'indisi. Umumiy A. (keng ko'lamdagi muhit sharoitlariga ko'nikisb.) hamda xususiy A. (muhitning lokal, yoki o'ziga xos xususiyatli sharoitlariga ko'nikish) farqlanadi. Adapting [late latin “adaptatio ''-adaptation, adjustment] - the whole comlex of morphophysiologisal, reproductive and other properties of living organisms providing and possibility of sustainable survival in concrete environmental conditions. General A. (adaptation to wide range of environmental conditions) and local A. (adaptation to local or particular environments) are distinguished. Akllimatizatsiya - atrof-muhitdagi o'zgarishlarga nisbatan organizmning flziologik va xulqiy moslashishi. Acclimatization - physiological and behavioral adaptation of an organism to any changes in its environment. Antropogen omil - inson va uning faoliyati tomonidan - 1 5 2 - EKOLOG1YA organizmlarga, biogeotsenoz, landshaft, biosferaga ko'rsatiladigan ta’sir. Anthropogenous fastor - impast of the humans and their activity on organisms, biogeocenosis, landscape, biosphere. Antropogen stress - inson faoliyati tufayli energiya yoki moddaning ko'payib ketib, ekotizim funksiyalarining susayishiga sabab bo'ladigan vaziyat; o'tkir yoki surunkali bo'lishi mumkin (Yu.Odum bo'yicha). Anthropogenous stress - heightened inflow o f energy or matter resulted from human activity causing the suppression of functions of ecosystem; it can be acute or chronic (by Y u.Odutn). Areal [lot. “a rea ”- maydon, makon] - o'rganilayotgan ob’ektlar yoki hodisalar tarqaigan hudud yoki akvatorya (turning A., landshaft tipi A., antropogen ta'sirning A.). Areal [latin “area ’’-area space] - territory or water area within which the considered plants phenomena (A. of species , A. of landscapes, A. of anthropogenous impact) are abundant. Atmosfera [vun. ''atmos "-bug' va "sphare ”-shar] - yer va boshqa fazoviy jismlarning gazsimon qobig'i. Yer yuzasida u asosan azot (78,08%), kislorod (20,95%), argon (0,93%), suv bug'i (0,2-2, 6%), karbonat angidrid gazidan (0,03%) tashkil topgan. Atmosphera [greek. “atm os ’’-steam and “sph ere”- ball] - gaseous outer cover of the earth and other celestial bodies. At the very earth surface it mainly consists of nitrogen (78,08%), oxygen (20,95%), argon (0,93%), water steam (0,2- 2,6%),carbonic acid gas (0,03%). Atrof (insonni qamragan) muhit - odamlarga va ularning xo'jaligiga birgalikda va bevosita ta’sir etuvchi abiotik, biotik, - 1 5 3 - EKOLOGIYA ijtimoiy muhitiar majmuasi. A.m. tushunchasi atrof tabiiy muhit tushunchasidan bir muncha kengroqdir, chunki u o’z ichiga ijtimoiy hamda texnogen muhitlami (uylar, korxonalar, yo’liar va sh .o \) ham qamrab olgan tushunchalardir. Environmental conditions (surrounding humans) - complex o f abiotic, biotic and social environmental conditions that are jointly and directly influencing on people and their households. The concept of E.c. is broader in comparison with natural human environment, as it includes social and technogenic environment (buildings, enterprises, roads, etc.). Atrof muhitning ifloslanishi - tavsifi, joylashgan yeri yoki miqdoriga ko’ra atrof muhit holatiga salbiy ta’sir qilayotgan moddaning atrof-muhitda mavjudligl Environmental contamination - presence in the environment of substances the characteristics, location, and quantity of which have undesired impact on the environmental situation. Axlatxona ( chiqindixona) - ifloslanishni nazorat qiladigan maxsus qurilmalarsiz qattiq chiqindilami tashlash uchun qoTlaniladigan hudud . Dum p - site used for discharging of solid wastes provided with no facilities o f the environmental control. Download 6.53 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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