Of rubber aspecs of the lives of people and makeeffective use of them
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OF RUBBER ASPECS OF THE LIVES OF PEOPLE AND MAKEEFFECTIVE USE OF THEM
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Charles Marie de La Condamine
- Samuel Peal
- Michael Faraday
A brief history of rubber
1000CE: Indians living in Central and South America have learned how to made waterproof clothes and shoes using latex from rubber trees. They call rubber trees "cahuchu" (crying wood), which is why the French still call rubber caoutchouc (pronounced "cow-chew") today. 1731: During an expedition to South America, French explorer Charles Marie de La Condamine (1701–74) sends back samples of rubber to Europe, prompting intense scientific interest. 1770: The discoverer of oxygen, English scientist Joseph Priestley (1733–1804), finds he can use pieces of rubber to erase the marks made by pencil on paper. In England, erasers are still widely called "rubbers" today. 1791: Englishman Samuel Peal develops a method of waterproofing cloth with a rubber solution. 1818: Scottish medical student James Syme (1799–1870) uses rubber-coated cloth to make raincoats. 1823: Scotsman Charles Macintosh learns of Syme's discovery, refines it, and patents it, earning fame and fortune as the inventor of the rubberized, waterproof coat. Waterproof coats have been known as "Mackintoshes" (with a slight variation of spelling) ever since. 1829: English chemist and physicist Michael Faraday (1791–1867) analyzes samples of Hevea and works out that the chemical formula for isoprene-type rubber is C5H8. 1839: American inventor Charles Goodyear (1800–1860) accidentally discovers how to vulcanize rubber after dropping a piece of the material (which has been treated with sulfur) onto a hot stove. Photo: In 1839, American inventor Charles Goodyear (1800–1860) developed the vulcanization (heat-treatment) process that makes rubber harder and more durable. He'd spent many years as a struggling inventor, trying desperately to turn rubber into a useful product, when he accidentally dropped some rubber on a hot stove and watched it "cook" itself into a much more useful form: the black, vulcanized material most of us know as rubber to this day. Despite developing one of the most useful materials of all time, Goodyear never made much money from his invention and died deeply in debt. Fortunately, his name lives on in the Goodyear tire company—and his superb contribution to materials technology has never been forgotten. Photo courtesy of US Library of Congress. 1830s~1840s: Botanist Download 220.79 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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