Organika Benzol halqasidagi orientasiya: 1-tur o`rinbosar
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- METALLAR: 11-sinf reaksiyalari IA
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58
140.12 Seriy 4f 1 5d 1 6s 2 2.8.18.19.9.2 Pr 1.1 59
140.907 Prozeodim 4f 3 6s 2
2.8.18.21.8.2 Nd 1.1 60
144.24 Neodim 4f 4 6s 2
2.8.18.22.8.2 Pm 1.1 61
144.912 Prometiy 4f 5 6s 2
2.8.18.23.8.2 Sm 1.1 62
150.36 Samariy 4f 5 5d 1 6s 2 2.8.18.24.8.2 Eu 1.1 63
151.96 Evropiy 4f 7 6s 2
2.8.18.25.8.2 Gd 1.1 64
157.25 Gadoliniy 4f 7 5d 1 6s 2 2.8.18.25.9.2 Td
1.1 65
158.925 Terbiy 496s 2
2.8.18.27.8.2 Dy
1.1 66
144.24 Disproziy 4f 10 6s 2
2.8.18.28.8.2 Ho 1.1 67
164.930 Golmiy 4f 11 6s 2
2.8.18.29.8.2 Er 1.1 68
167.26 Erbiy 4f 12 6s 2
2.8.18.30.8.2 Tm 1.1 69
168.934 Tuliy 4f 13 6s 2
2.8.18.31.8.2 Yb 1.1 70
173.04 Itterbiy 4f 14 6s 2
2.8.18.32.8.2 Lu 1.1 71
174.967 Lyutetsiy 4f 14
5d 1 6s 2
2.8.18.32.9.2 Fe 3+ Q Q E E - E Q Q E Q Q - Q E Cr 3+ Q Q E E E E - - E - - E Q - Th 1.1 90
232.038 Toriy 6d 2 7s 2
2.8.18.32.18.10.2 Pa 1.1 91
231.035 Protaktiniy5f 2 6d 1 7s 2 2.8.18.32.20.9.2 U 1.2 92
238.028 Uran 5f 3 6d 1 7s 2 2.8.18.32.21.9.2 Np 1.2 93
237.048 Neptuniy 5f 4 6d 1 7s 2 2.8.18.32.22.9.2 Pu 1.2 94
244.064 Plutoniy 5f 6 7s 2
2.8.18.32.24.8.2 Am 1.2 95
243.061 Amerisiy 5f 7 7s 2
2.8.18.32.25.8.2 Cm 1.2 96
247.07 Kyuriy 5f 7 6d 1 7s 2 2.8.18.32.25.9.2 Bk 1.2
97 247.07
Berkliy 5f 8 6d 1 7s 2 2 .8.18.32.26.9.2 Cf
1.2 98 251.07
Kaliforniy 5f 10 7s 2
2.8.18.32.28.8.2 Es 1.2
99 252.08
Eynshteniy 5f 11 7s 2 2.8.18.32.29.8.2 Fm 1.2
100 257.09
Fermiy 5f 12 7s 2
2.8.18.32.30.8.2 Md 1.2
101 258.09
Mendeleyviy 5f 13 7s 2
2.8.18.32.31.8.2 (No) 1.2
102 259.1
Nobeliy 5f 14 7s 2
2.8.18.32.32.8.2 (Lr) 1.2
103 260.1
Lourensiy5f 14 6d 1 7s 2 2.8.18.32.32.9.2 E-Eriydigan (100 gr suvda 1gr dan ortiq) O-Oz eriydigan (100 gr suvda 0.1-1.0 gr) Q- Qiyin eriydigan (100 gr suvda 0.1gr dan kam) - - Bu modda suv ta`sirida parchalanadi yoki suvda mavjud emas METALLAR: 11-sinf reaksiyalari IA Na 2 O 2 +H 2 SO 4 →Na 2 SO 4 +H 2 O 2
K 2 O 4 +H 2 SO 4 →K 2 SO 4 +H 2 O 2 +O 2 IB 2Cu+4HCl+O 2 →2CuCl
2 +2H
2 O Cu 2 SO 4 →CuSO 4 +Cu Cu(OH) 2 +2NaOH→Na 2 [Cu(OH)
4 ] Cu(OH) 2 +4NH
3 →[Cu(NH
3 ) 4 ](OH) 2
2CuCl 2 +4KI→2CuI+I 2 +4KCl
CuSO 4 +4NH 4 OH→[ Cu(NH 3 )
]SO 4 +4H 2 O 2Cu(OH) 2 +K 2 S 2 O 8 →Cu
2 O 3 +2KHSO 4 +H 2 O 2AgNO 3 +2KOH→Ag
2 O+2KNO
3 +H 2 O AgCl+2NH
4 OH→[Ag(NH 3 )
]Cl+2H 2 O 4Au+8NaCN+O 2 +2H 2 O→4Na[Au(CN) 2 ]+4NaOH
2Na[Au(CN) 2 ]+Zn→Na 2 [Zn(CN)
4 ]+2Au
Au+3HCl+HNO 3 →AuCl 3 +NO+2H
2 O 2K[AuCl 2 ]+2KOH→4KCl+Au 2 O+H
2 O 2K[AuCl 4 ]+N
2 H 4 +6KOH→N 2 +8KCl+Au 2 O+5H
2 O AuCl 3 →AuCl+Cl
2
AuCl+KCl→K[AuCl 2 ] 3AuCl→AuCl 3 +2Au
IIA Be+2NaOH+2H 2 O→Na
2 [Be(OH)
4 ]+H
2
KOH+Be(OH) 2 +H 2 O→K[Be(OH) 3 (H 2 O)]
Mg(OH) 2 +H 2 O 2 →MgO 2 +2H 2 O
Zn(OH) 2
2 ZnO
2 +2H
2 O ZnH 2 +2H
2 O→Zn(OH)
2 +2H
2
2HgS+2CaO+3O 2 →2Hg+2CaSO 4
2 O+2Cl
2 →HgCl
2 +2HOCl
6Hg+2KNO 3 +4H 2 SO 4 →3Hg 2 SO 4 +2NO+4H
2 O+K
2 SO 4 Zn 3 N 2 +6H 2 O→3Zn(OH) 2 +2NH
3
Al 2
3 +2KOH→2KAlO 2 +H
O AlCl
3 →AlCl+Cl
2 AlCl→2Al+AlCl 3
Sn Sn+2HCl→SnCl 2 +H
Sn+4H
2 SO 4 →Sn(SO 4 ) 2 +2SO
2 +4H
2 O SnS+(NH 4 ) 2 S+S→(NH 4 ) 2 [SnS
3 ] Sn+2Cl 2 →SnCl
4
SnCl 4 +2H
2 O→SnO
2 +4HCl
SnCl 4 +2HCl→H 2 [SnCl
6 ] 2KOH+SnO 2 +2H
2 O→K
2 [Sn(OH)
6 ] SnCl 4 +4NH
4 OH→H
2 SnO
3 +4NH
4 Cl+H
2 O-(α)
2NaOH+H 2 SnO 3 +H 2 O→Na 2 [Sn(OH) 6 ] Sn+4HNO 3 →H 2 SnO 3 +4NO 2 +H 2 O-(β) Pb 2PbS+3O
2 →2PbO+2SO 2
2Pb+O 2 +2H 2 O→2Pb(OH) 2
2 SO 4 →Pb(HSO 4 ) 2 +H 2 Pb+4KOH+2H 2 O→K
4 [Pb(OH)
6 ]+H
2
2Pb(NO 3 ) 2 +O 2 +2H 2 O→2PbO
2 +4HNO
3
3PbO 2 →Pb
3 O 4 +O 2
PbO 2 +4HCl→PbCl 4 +2H
2 O PbO 2 +2KOH+2H
2 O→K
2 [Pb(OH)
2 ] PbO 2 +4HCl→PbCl 2 +Cl
2 +2H
2 O 2PbO 2 +2H
2 SO 4 →2PbSO 4 +O 2 +2H
2 O Pb 3 O 4 +4HNO 3 →PbO 2 +2Pb(NO
3 ) 2 +2H 2 O PbCl 4 +2KCl→K 2 [PbCl
6 ]
Ti+2J 2
4 →Ti+2J
2
TiO 2 +2C+2Cl
2 →TiCl
4 +2CO
2
2TiCl 3 →TiCl
4 +TiCl
2
3TiCl 4 +Ti→4TiCl 3
2CrCl 2 +2H 2 O→2Cr(OH)Cl 2 +H
4CrO
3 →2Cr
2 O 3 +3O 2
K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +S→Cr 2 O 3 +K 2 SO 4
Cr(OH) 3 +3KOH→K 3 [Cr(OH)
6 ] 2CrO 4 -2 +2H + →Cr
2 O 7 -2 +H 2 O 2K 3 [Cr(OH) 6 ]+3Br 2 +4KOH→2K
2 CrO
4 +6KBr+8H
2 O K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +3H 2 S+4H
2 SO 4 →Cr 2 (SO) 4 Cr 2 (SO) 4 +3S+K 2 SO 4 +7H 2 O K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +14HCl→2CrCl 3 +3Cl 2 +2KCl+7H
2 O K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +3SO 2 +H 2 SO 4 →Cr 2 (SO
4 ) 3 +K 2 SO 4 +H 2 O Mn MnO→MnO
2 →Na
2 MnO
4
6MnO 2 +2NH
3 →3H
2 O+N
2 +3Mn
2 O 3 MnO
2 →Mn
2 O 3 →Mn 3 O 4 →MnO
MnO 2 +K 2 CO 3 +KNO 3 →K 2 MnO
4 +KNO
2 +CO
2
3K 2 MnO
4 +2H
2 O→2KMnO
4 +MnO
2 +4KOH
2K 2 MnO 4 +Cl
2 →2KMnO
4 +2KCl
2KMnO 4 +H 2 SO 4(kons) →Mn 2 O 7 +K 2 SO 4 +H 2 O
Fe 2
3 +CO→2FeO+CO 2
3 +CO
2 +H 2 O→Fe(HCO 3 ) 2
Fe(OH) 3 +KOH→KFeO 2 +2H
2 O Fe 2 O 3 +2NaOH→2NaFeO 2 +H 2 O 2FeCl 2 +2HCl+H
2 O 2 →2FeCl 3 +2H 2 O 2Fe+3Cl 2 →2FeCl
3
3FeSO 4 +2K
3 [Fe(CN)
6 ] →Fe
3 [Fe(CN)
6 ] 2 +3K 2 SO 4
Fe 2 (SO
4 ) 3 +K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] →Fe
4 [Fe(CN)
6 ] +K 4 [Fe(CN)
6 ]*nH
2 O FeCl 3 +3KSCN→Fe(SCN) 3 +3KCl
METALLMASLAR: GALOGENLAR XeF
4 +4KI→Xe+2I 2 +4KF
10H 2 O+10F 2 →18HF+2O+O 2 +O
+OF 2 +H 2 O 2 2KMnO
4 +16HCl→2MnCl 2 +2KCl+8H
2 O+5Cl
2
Cl 2 +H 2 O→HCl+HClO 2HOCl→2HCl+O 2
2 O+Cl
2 O 3HOCl→2HCl+HClO 3
2Ca(OCl)Cl→2CaCl 2 +O 2 6KOH+3Cl
2 →KClO
3 +5KCl+3H
2 O 2ClO 2 +2KOH→KClO 3 +KClO
2 +H 2 O 2HClO
4 +P 2 O 5 →2HPO 3 +Cl
2 O 7 S 3S+6NaOH→2Na 2 S+Na
2 SO 3 +3H 2 O 4NH 4 SH+O 2 →2H
2 O+2NH
4 -S-S-NH
4
Na 2 S 4 +2HCl→2NaCl+H 2 S+3S 11H 2 SO 4 +8Zn→8ZnSO 4 +H
S+S+SO 2 +10H 2 O
2NH 3
2 N-NH
2 +NaCl+H
2 O NaNH 2 +N 2 O→NaN 3 +H 2 O 2NaN 3 +H 2 SO 4 →Na 2 SO 4 +2HN 3
2HN 3 →3N 2 +H 2 HNO
3 +3H
2 →NH
2 OH+2H
2 O NH 2 OH→NH
3 +N 2 +N 2 O+H 2 O 2NaNO 2 +4Na+2H
2 O→Na
2 N 2 O 2 +4NaOH 3SO 2 +2HNO 3 +2H
2 O→3H
2 SO 4 +2NO N 2 O 3 →NO+NO 2
N 2 O 3 +H 2 O→2HNO 2
3HNO 2 →HNO
3 +2NO+H
2 O 2HNO 2 +O 2 →2HNO 3
2HNO 2 →NO+NO 2 +H 2 O 2KMnO
4 +3H
2 SO 4 +5HNO 2 →K 2 SO 4 +5HNO 3 +2MnSO 4 +3H
2 O 2KI+2HNO 2 →I 2 +2NO+2KOH 2Pb(NO
3 ) 2 →2PbO+4NO 2 +O 2
2NO 2 +H 2 O→HNO 3 +HNO 2
HNO 2 +NO
2 →HNO
3 +NO
2NO 2 →N 2 O 4 2HNO
3 +P 2 O 5 →2HPO 3 +N 2 O 5
4N 2 O 5 →4NO
2 +O 2 Au+4HCl+HNO 3 →H[AuCl
4 ]+NO+2H
2 O 3Pt+18HCl+5HNO 3 →3H[PtCl
6 ]+5NO+10H 2 O
4 NO 2 →N 2 +2H 2 O
Ca 3
2 +6H
2 O→3Ca(OH) 2 +2PH
3
P 4 +3KOH+3H
2 O→PH
3 +3KH
2 PO 2 P 4 O 10 +2H 2 O→4HPO
3
4HNO 3 +P 4 H 10 →4HPO 3 +2N
2 O 5 2H 2 SO 4 +P 4 H 10 +4HPO 3 +2SO 3
2H 3 PO 2 →PH 3 +H 3 PO 4 Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 +4H
3 PO 4 →3Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2
2NH 3 +3O
2 →2HNO
2 +2H
2 O 2HNO 2 +O 2 →2HNO 3
HOOC-CH 2 -COOH→2H 2 O+O=C=C=C=O(C 3 O
) C 3 O 2 +2C→C 5 O 2 CaO+3C→CO+CaC 2
SiO 2 +2C+2Cl 2 →SiCl
4 +2CO
OKSIDLANISH-QAYTARILISH RЕAKSIYALARI: 2KMnO
4 +16HCl→2MnCl 2 +2KCl+8H
2 O+5Cl
2
8Al+30HNO 3(suyul) →8Al(NO
3 ) 3 +3N 2 O+15H 2 O FeS 2 +18HNO
3(kons) →Fe(NO
3 ) 3 +2H 2 SO 4 +15NO
2 +7H
2 O 3P 2 S 3 +28HNO 3(suyul)
+4H 2 O→6H 3 PO 4 +9H 2 SO 4 +28NO
P 4 S 7 +62HNO
3(kons) →4H
3 PO 4 +7H 2 SO 4 +62NO
2 +18H
2 O 11H 2 SO 4 +8Zn→8ZnSO 4 +H 2 S+S+SO
2 +10H
2 O 2KMnO 4 +5H
2 O 2 +3H 2 SO 4 →2MnSO
4 +5O
2 +8H
2 O+K
2 SO 4 2KMnO
4 +3H
2 O 2 →2MnO 2 +2KOH+3O 2 +2H
2 O 2KMnO 4 +H 2 O 2 +2KOH→2K 2 MnO
4 +O 2 +2H 2 O K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +14HCl→2CrCl 3 +3Cl 2 +2KCl+7H
2 O Cr 2 (SO
4 ) 3 +10KOH+3H 2 O 2 →2K
2 CrO
4 +3K
2 SO 4 +8H 2 O 8HNO 3(suyul)
+3Cu→3Cu(NO 3 ) 2 +2NO+4H
2 O MnO 2 +4HCl→MnCl 2 +Cl
2 +2H
2 O 2KMnO 4 →K 2 MnO 4 +MnO 2 +O 2 3HNO
2 →HNO
3 +2NO+H
2 O 3K 2 MnO
4 +2H
2 O→2KMnO
4 +MnO
2 +4KOH
Cl 2 +2KOH→KClO+KCl+H 2 O 2HOCl→HCl+HClO 2
3HOCl→2HCl+HClO 3
3S+6KOH→K 2 SO 3 +2K 2 S+3H 2 O 4SnO→Sn+Sn 3 O 4 Hg 2 O→Hg+HgO Download 417.16 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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