O’zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o’rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi buxoro davlat universiteti viloyat to’xsanova

INFORMATION ABOUT THE TYPES OF ARTISTIC 
HANDICRAFT 
Since time immemorial, humanity has sought to improve its life and living 
conditions. And effects of that dream people have built houses and palaces, 
erected in the city, and no doubt decorated their deese and settled in his life. 
Maybe then the first masters of applied art, master craftsmen, who created 
household items and brought their skills to the highest peaks, were born. 
In recent years, the attention to the applied arts has increased and the 
traditional Handicrafts, which for a long time have been lost or forgotten, have 
rejoiced. Along with this, there was a need to preserve folk crafts, historical and 
cultural monuments of architecture and architecture to preserve and pass on to 
the future generation. To do this, it is necessary to develop and open roads, 
create conditions for folk masters and artisans. In particular, in Bukhara, 
Samarkand, Kokand, Khiva, Tashkent and many other cities of the Republic for 
the preservation of historical and architectural monuments of architecture, for 
restoration and construction of new ones, folk masters and their students are 
involved. Among the arts in demand among many others in the construction of a 
greater extent need the art of applying patterns, popularly called " Nakkoshi” 
(nakkoshi-a kind of art form patterns). The art of patterns is one of the most 
common types of art in Uzbekistan, it can be found everywhere in construction, 
architecture, interior, decoration of houses and palaces of culture, restaurants 
and cafes, etc. Seeing works of art and beautiful ornaments decorated on the 
facades of buildings, we admire and wonder at the skill of our craftsmen. 
Carving ganch applying patterns on a flat dry surface of anything, not repeatable 
patterns and skillfully applied paintings of flowers intertwined with other 
unusual figures and is the art of patterns. This kind of art has a special place in 
handicraft. White perepletenie patterns made craftsmanship merging interfere 
comes to life and immerses us in the world of beauty and balance. 
One of the common types of folk applied art is pottery. National dishes, teapots, 
bowls, plates, lagans, jugs and kungans, ceramic plates and porcelain items are 
not the whole list of products made by folk masters. Visiting museums or 
palaces of culture, in rest houses or in offices of firms we will meet interior 
items made of ceramics or porcelain, in everyday life we use pottery every day 
when we eat or drink. Patterns and drawings applied to ceramic and porcelain 
products also require high skill and patience of craftsmen and craftsmen. 
Imagine: you were given a finished product, that is, a finished product of 
kramiki and a lot of paint to apply a pattern or pattern. As far as you can turn 
from this object into a piece of art.
Every time the master comes to his workplace, he first of all prepares his 
workplace for work, that is, cleans it, puts in order the tools, prepares the blanks 
and only then begins with elementary simple things. This is what every master 
of his craft teaches his disciples, thereby developing patience and diligence in 
him. No state and society can develop without diligence and patience. 

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The art of ganch carving” Ganchkori" occupies a special place in the art of 
construction and urban planning, as a kind of applied art. This kind of art was 
originally used in the construction of clay houses, first patterns and drawings 
were applied to the clay walls and only with the development of the social 
formation appeared ganch, then it all moved to him. Evidence of this was found 
in the excavations of ancient settlements.
Decorative folk applied arts of Central Asia on an equal basis with gold, 
copper, and other types of non-ferrous metal were processed to perfection, 
sometimes reaching the masterpieces of applied art. Proof of this found during 
the excavations of ancient settlements and settlements metal products and 
objects. 
Not far from the famous Registan square of Samarkand in the middle ages there 
was a mahalla (mahalla – here means quarter or street) jewelers "Zargaron 
"(Zargaron-means working in gold, that is, processing gold). Here masters made 
jewelry and sold them, the street of jewelers was famous not only in Samarkand 
but also far beyond its borders. This is another proof that metal washing and 
application of patterns and shapes is one of the oldest forms of craft and art in 
Central Asia. 
In Uzbekistan, metal processing, in particular for copper, bronze, brass and 
other non-ferrous metals is developing rapidly. In Bukhara and Khiva, there are 
special workshops and schools for hammered craftsmanship, and the rarest and 
unusual objects of art of hammered craftsmanship are created. Here are made as 
household items such as kungans and jugs, lagans and bowls, trays and much 
more, attracting the layman with its beauty and uniqueness. 
Wood carving as a kind of applied art exists in all peoples of the world, this kind 
of art is one of the oldest forms of art and has several thousand years. Carved 
wooden doors and windows, caskets, carved columns and lattices are reflected 
as the highest skill of masters of wood carving. Wood carving is reflected not 
only in the interior and construction, but also in musical instruments. Wood 
carving has several types and ways of applying patterns and patterns: tekis 
kavarik-smooth and winding uneven way, chukur tekis-deep smooth, 
panjarasimon-lattice-shaped, kashtali or kesuvchi-patterned or carved. 
Smooth and winding uneven method is characterized by the fact that on a flat 
surface, the pattern and pattern is applied as, on a flat surface of the weave and 
different depths of patterns. In wood carving hammers of different sizes and 
knives of different sharpness and sizes, grooves, fish-shaped chisels and saws, 
carpentry corners and drills of different sizes and much more are used. This kind 
of art requires patience and skill, precision and attention in the work of masters. 
As it is known from excavations artistic pottery has existed since ancient times. 
Since time immemorial, people have used ceramic dishes in everyday life as the 
main type of dishes. Man first learned to store water in jars, then used ceramic 
candlesticks for the consecration of rooms, and only then began to use ceramics 
for dishes. With the advent of ceramic dishes, there was a need to give the 
dishes an artistic color, that is, to give the dishes an aesthetic appearance. If you 

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originally created a rough-hewn ceramic dish, then began to create more 
sophisticated beautiful dish, the limit of skill was the creation of the porcelain 
clay. Pottery was passed down from generation to generation, thus reaching the 
top as a separate art form. For the knowledge of the secrets of the art of pottery 
one interest in it is not enough. The Uzbek people have a saying "loyga bersang 
ishlov Hoop, undan chikar saikal KUP" which means “How much you process 
the clay deeper, the sense will be so much more”" In pottery, clay is different 
from simple clay, masters have been looking for such clay for years to create a 
masterpiece of art. This shlina bevaluable and sticky, hard to wash and even 
harder to knead. The Potter mainly pays attention to the processing of clay, 
several times through a sieve, as several times knead it to the desired condition. 
Clay is mainly advisable to sift and knead in ganch or alabaster slabs, since, 
ganch or alabaster absorbs moisture and water. After prigotovleniya clay and 
kneading turn in dense tissue, where clay comes to fitness. The finished batch 
does not stick to the hands, it is like plasticine to become soft and flexible. 
Initially, potters in the preparation of ceramic products used pottery machines. 
Potter's wheels were built with feet and masterpieces of gonzar art were created, 
now Potter's wheels are more perfected and they turn with electricity.