O‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o‘rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi toshkent moliya instituti shadmanbekova Kamola Amaliy ingliz tili fanidan mustaqil ta’limni tashkil etish bo‘yicha

Exercise 2. Which of the phrasal verbs in Exercise 1 mean the following:
a) to manage c) to receive e) to be good enough b) to give d) to accept f) to propose


Task 2. Reading
Economic cycle.
A cycle is a repeating period of time. The term we use to describe how the economy moves from good times to bad times and back again is business cycle. The four stages of the business cycle are prosperity, recession, depression, and recovery. Sometimes this series of stages is like a roller coaster. For a while, everything seems to be going very well. Jobs are plentiful, and anyone who wants to work can find a job. People feel good about the economy and are willing to spend their money. Because people are buying, business is good. And when business is good, we say we are enjoying prosperity, Prosperity is' the high point of a business cycle. Sometimes it's called a boom. Employment is way up, the demand for goods and services is high, and businesses are turning out goods and services as fast as they can.
Sometimes the economy has problems, but not serious enough to cause real alarm. If the demand for goods and services falls and unemployment rises, the economy may be in a recession. Spending falls, so fewer goods and services are demanded. We can measure a recession by the amount of drop in the gross national product. Sometimes a recession is caused simply by either business or consumers in general becoming worried about the economy. People may become concerned about spending so much of their income. If they cut back on their spending, demand for goods and services falls. Businesses may find that they have expanded as much as they safely can. If many of them cut back on production, we may experience a recession.
The lowest point a business cycle can reach is called a depression. In a depression our gross national product also falls to its lowest point. Business is bad, and unemployment is high.
Because they cannot find work and earn money, people cannot buy the good and services they need. Because they cannot sell enough products to pay their costs, businesses may be forced to close. And because businesses close, additional people lose their jobs.
The final stage in a business cycle is called a recovery. During such a time, people who have been out of work begin to find jobs. Consumers begin to buy more products and services again. The gross national product, which is a measure of the recovery, begins to rise again. The resources of the system, including people, money, and capital goods, are used more fully. The business cycle is on an upswing.
In many instances, a business cycle does not include the depression stage. It may just go through the prosperity, recession, and recovery stages. A recession does not have to lead to a depression