O’zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy va o’rta maxsusta

Ish hisoboti: Haroratning o‘zgarshi(∆t) grafik usulda topiladi. Uning uchun olingan natijalarni tº=f(vaqt) grafigiga ko‘chiriladi. Hosil qilingan chizmada egrilar va urinmalar o‘tkazilib, asosiy davrning teng yarim nuqtasidan urinmalar bilan kesishguncha perpendikulyar o‘tkaziladi. Perpendikulyarning urinmalar bilan kesishgan nuqtalarining orasidagi masofa ∆t beradi.

3 -rasm. Tuzning erish haroratini vaqt bo’yicha o‘zgarish grafigi.
1,2,3-egrilar; 4,5-urinmalar; 6-perpendikulyar chiziqlar.
Moddaning erish issiqlik effekti quyidagi formuladan topiladi:

∆H - integral erish issiqligi;
C_k - kalorimetrning umumiy issiqlik sig‘imi;
∆t - haroratning farqi;
M - moddaning molekulyar massasi.
g - tuzning og‘irligi;
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Nazorat savollari.
1. Termodinamika fani uning maqsadi va vazifasi.
2. Termodinamikaning asosiy tushunchalari.
3. Ichki energiya. Entalpiya. Ichki energiya va entalpiyaning bir-biriga boglikligi.
4. Termodinamika 1-qonuni.
5. Termokimyo. Chin va o’rtacha issiqlik sig‘imlar.
6. Gess qonuni. Issiqlik effekti.
7. Kirxgof qonuni.
8. Holat tenglamalari deganda nimani tushunasiz?
9. Termodinamik sistemaning energetik balansi deganda nimani tushunasiz?
10. Issiqlik effekti va uning turlari: reaksiya issiqligi, molekulaning hosil bo’lish issiqligi, yonish issiqligi.
11. Termik muvozanat haqidagi qonunni izohlang.
12. Issiqlik teoremasini tushuntiring.
13. Adiabatik deb qanday jarayonga aytiladi?
14. Xarakteristik funksiyalar deb qanday funksiyalarga aytiladi?
15. Erkin energiyaning manosini tushuntiring.
16. Bog’langan energiya deb qanday energiyaga aytiladi?
17. Izobar-izoterm potensialning manosi qanday?
18. Gibbs-Gelmgols energiyasining manosini tushuntiring.
19. Termodinamikaning uchinchi qonuni nima haqda?
20. Termodinamik potensiallar deb nimaga aytiladi?