Part II guidance Notes Pillar I – Laws, Policies, and Institutions
participation in ASM, including their role in cooperatives
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MPF Part II Guidance Notes - For Ratification (1)
participation in ASM, including their role in cooperatives. 6.2.5 Promote financial literacy and facilitate access to the financial system including for women and other stakeholders facing barriers to financing. • Government should develop a framework to ensure that ASM workers have access to financial services and capacity-building that encourages savings, investment, and responsible financial management. Financing for ASM may be regulated in ways that create more access to credit, with specific measures for women and other historically under-represented or marginalized groups. • Measures may include increasing access of small-scale miners to financial services. Access to bank accounts and credit are often very difficult for ASM workers as they are often considered high-risk clients due to the informal nature of their work, non-legal status, or debt and poverty concerns. Access to finance can be incrementally addressed by promoting partnerships with international cooperation agencies and local banks to create ASM specific financial mechanisms. For example, in Peru Caja Los Andes and PlanetGOLD partnered to create financial mechanisms for artisanal and small-scale gold mining. Innovative financial mechanisms include microcredits, using geological information as collateral for loans, grants, and government loan facilities. • Capacity-building regarding financial management and project economics should be provided to ASM workers, including women, to improve savings and investments. • Grant and loan schemes should be equally accessible for women and men, and should address specific challenges women face in accessing financial services and financing their participation in ASM. 6.2.6 Design transparent systems for collection of revenue that are appropriate for the size and economic capacities of ASM operations. • Revenue should be collected from ASM (taxes, fees, and royalties), as appropriate for the size and economic capacity of the ASM operation. When unregulated or improperly regulated, ASM revenue collection may exacerbate issues such as corruption. The financial sharing model should be adapted to the context of ASM and should be designed in a way that incentivizes formalization. • Revenue collection and management policies and systems should be transparent and include clear procedures to identify and address any mishandled funds. 6.2.7 Encourage, when applicable, responsible supply- chain initiatives to promote responsible management of ASM. • Government should support supply-chain initiatives through: o Raising awareness among miners and mining operations. o Providing supportive legal and policy frameworks. Promoted initiatives should be viable and realistic, selected for each type of ASM. • Government should encourage the ASM sector to work through such supply-chain initiatives to improve the ASM sector’s economic, environmental, and social performance. Some supply-chain initiatives can be inaccessible to most workers due to barriers to entry, and if participation is mandated by the government, miners may be discouraged from participating – thereby preventing their entry into the formal economy. Government should carefully assess which initiative is better for its sector following the recommendation of the IGF Guidance for Governments: Managing Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining . The initiatives should consider barriers for women´s participation for women and design initiatives to be inclusive and accessible. • Certification can be a great incentive to legalization and formalization of the ASM sector. Ethical certification programs, such as the Alliance for Responsible Mining and Fairmined certification aid in promoting voluntary compliance with technical, social, labour, environmental, and other requirements, and have strong provisions on gender equality and women’s empowerment, including national regulations. Certified minerals can charge a price premium on the market and may be favoured by large, downstream commodity buyers. Responsible, conflict-free sourcing standards are increasingly being adopted such as the OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict- Affected and High-Risk Areas , and integrated into law such as the European Union’s Conflict Minerals Regulation . Tools such as the Code of Risk-mitigation for ASM Engaging in Formal Trade (CRAFT) and IGF Guidance for Governments: Managing Artisanal and Small-Scale 35 Mining can be used to assist governments and other stakeholders in implementing international good practices. 6.2.8 Encourage mining entities to collaborate with ASM operators and establish conflict- resolution mechanisms when ASM is present or can be anticipated to follow the development of a mine. • Government should require mining entities to describe any ASM activity on their mine sites and provide a plan for collaboration or partnerships with ASM workers (e.g., for mineral processing). Collaboration may involve providing an area where ASM is permitted, allowing the use of shared infrastructure, encouraging the development of complementary sustainable economic livelihoods, building legal partnerships, and implementing a mechanism for ongoing dialogue. Encouraging and enabling good relationships between ASM and large- scale mining can reduce conflicts, improve environmental management, and encourage productive economic relationships. • Provide a conflict-resolution mechanism that is inclusive and accessible to workers and communities. • The IRMA Standard offers recommendation on ASM and large-scale mining (LSM) interactions, and the World Gold Council´s 2022 report Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining offers a series of models for better managing the interactions between ASM and LSM. Download 0.9 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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