Tailings – “A by-product of mining, consisting of the processed rock or soil left over from the
separation of the commodities of value from the rock or soil within which they occur” (IGF,
Guidance for Governments: Environmental management and mining governance
, 2021)
Mine life cycle – All mine phases including mine planning, construction, operations, closure, and
post-mining transition.
Mitigation hierarchy – Tool designed to help users limit, as far as possible, the negative impacts
of development projects on biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES). It involves a sequence of
four key actions – ‘avoid’, ‘minimize’, ‘restore’ and ‘offset’ – and provides a best practice
approach to aid in the sustainable management of living, natural resources by establishing a
mechanism to balance conservation needs with development priorities. (Cross Sector
Biodiversity Initiative,
Mitigation Hierarchy Guide
, 2015)
Post-mining transition – Post-mining transition refers to “the period after the completion of all
works needed to implement the closure of the site” and includes monitoring and maintenance
activities. Monitoring and maintenance are required to maintain and manage infrastructure and
rehabilitation until relinquishment is possible, and to check environmental and socio-economic
performance against success criteria (ICMM, 2019a, p. 68). This phase can last a few to several
years depending on monitoring and maintenance needs and associated environmental
commitments made during the ESIA and closure plan development. (ICMM,
Integrated Mine
Closure: Good Practice Guide
)
Relinquishment – “When ownership, residual liabilities and responsibility for a former mine site
can be returned to the corresponding jurisdiction or original owner, or transferred to a third
party, following completion of closure activities, and satisfying any agreed success criteria. If
ongoing maintenance and management is required [in continuation of post-mining transition
activities], the responsibility for this under relinquishment would also transition to the new
responsible party” (ICMM, Integrated Mine Closure: Good Practice Guide,
Element 10
) (ICMM,
2019a, p. 59)
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |