Payt holini ifodalovchi sintaktik birliklarning
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1-сон 2020 йил 164
Хорижий филология №1, 2020 йил
166 Soat beshda men “Krilon” mehmonxonasida Bretni kutib turardim (E.H., 34). g) for + son + ot son + ot + davomida: For four years his horizon had been absolutely limited to his wife (E.H., 15) . To’rt yil davomida uning fikr-u xayoli xotini bilan cheklanib qolgandi (E.H., 7). Yuqorida qayd etilgan predloglar yordamida temporallikning ifodalanishida in predlogining ishtirokida o’zbek tiliga tarjimada sodda gaplar qurilmasida turlicha berilishi mumkin: - in the morning – ertalab: Brett can’t get up in the morning (E.H., 73). Bret ertalab turolmadi (E.H., 67). - late in the afternoon – kechga yaqin: We got into pamplone late in the afternoon… (E.H., 122) Biz kechga yaqin Pamplonga yetib borib… (E.H., 107) - in a few minutes – bir necha daqiqadan keyin: In a few minutes a girl brought a stone pitcher… (E.H., 105) Bir necha daqiqadan keyin xizmatchi sopol qozonni olib keldi (E.H., 91). - in a little while – hash-pash deguncha: In a little while I had six (E.H., 99) Hash-pash deguncha oltitasini tutdim (E.H., 98). Bundan tashqari by predlogli birikmalar yordamida ham temporallik ifodalanadi, ular o’zbek tiliga ilgari, bu paytga kelib kabilar yordamida tarjima qilingan: - By that time Cohn, who had been regarded purely as angel (E.H., 13). - Ilgari saxovatli farishta sifatida qaralgan (E.H., 5). - By that time though, he had other things to worry about (E.H., 13) - Aytgandek, bu paytga kelib, unda boshqa tashvishlar ham paydo bo’lib qolgandi (E.H., 5). 3. Temporallikni ifodalovchi sintaktik birliklar nafaqat adverbial elementlar va paytni yoki vaqtni ifodalovchi sintaktik birliklar predloglar yordamida ifodalanadi, balki paytni ifodalovchi leksik birliklar yordamida ham ish-harakatning bajarilish paytini ifodalashi mumkin. Masalan, tomorrow – ertaga, yesterday – kecha, Thursday – payshanbada, tonight – bugun kechqurun, hamda paytni ifodalovchi leksik birliklar bilan ayrim ravish, son, olmosh kabilar birikib kelishi yordamida ham ish- harakatning tugallanganligi, davomiyligi, hali ro’yobga chiqmaganligi, chegaralanganligi kabi zamon shakllarining ifodalanishiga aniqlik kiritadi. a) one day – bir kuni: One day Montoya took them all out and dropped them in the waste-basket (E.H., 124). Bir kuni kelib Montoya hammasini yashikdan olib savatga tashladi (E.H., 103). b) all day – kun bo’yi, ertalabdan kechgacha: Drunk all day and spend all their time beating their poor old mothers (E.H., 158). Ertalabdan kechgacha ichkilikbozlik qilishib, o’zlarining baxtiqaro onalarini kaltaklash bilan shug’ullanishadi (E.H., 142). c) the next day – ertasi kuni: They expexted their money the next day (E.H., 80) Ular pul ertasi kuni yetib kelishini mo’ljallashayotgandi (E.H., 69). d) last night – kecha kechqurun: I was tight last night (E.H., 78) Kecha kechqurun, aftidan rosa kayf qilibman (E.H., 66). e) the same day – o’sha kuniyoq: It’s too far to go and fish and come back the same day, comfortably (E.H., 111). O’sha yerga yetib borish, baliq ovlash va o’sha kuniyoq shoshilmay orqaga qaytish uchun haddan tashqari uzoqlik qildi (E.H., 97). f) every morning – har kuni ertalab: I want you to do that every morning (E.H., 106) Har kuni ertalab xuddi shu yo’sinda qilayver (E.H., 92). g) each year – har yili: The good ones came each year (E.H., 124) |
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