Pension fund systems & capital markets: International experience and prospects for China
9 November 2022
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3. MAINLAND
CHINA’S PENSION SYSTEM
3.1 Mainland
China’s ageing population trend
The huge number and growing proportion of elderly people in the population
combined with
low levels of pension savings are posing a major challenge to the Chinese government.
Data shows that Mainland China has seen a continuous rise in the number and
proportion of
people aged 65 and above since 2009. From 2009 to 2019, the total number of people aged
65 and above in Mainland China rose from 110 million to 176 million, with
its proportion in the
total population increased from 8.5% to 12.6% (see Figure 19).
The rapid shrinking of the labour force and continuous upsurge in the number of elderly people
will impose a sizeable fiscal burden. To alleviate this burden, an effective and
professional
pension system is indispensable.
Figure 19. The number and proportion of China's elderly population (2009 to 2019)
Source: Wind.
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