Plan: Introduction. The purpose and task of science

Gabriel García Márquez - "One Hundred Years of Solitude"
"One Hundred Years of Solitude" is a famous work that brought the Nobel Prize to the great Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez. The novel is one of the most translated works from Spanish to other languages. It was written in the direction called "miraculous realism". Because of this, unreal things are shown in the work as simple.
Márquez completed the work in 1965-1966 in 18 months in Mexico City. Its original idea was born in 1952, when the author visited Arakataka, the village where he was born and raised. Actually, Márquez wanted to name his novel "The House", but he chose the name "One Hundred Years of Solitude" in order not to resemble Alvaro Samudio's novel "The Big House".

In the play, Marquez tells the story of the seven generations of the Buendia dynasty, condemned to loneliness, through the peak of imagination. The book has all the ingredients needed for drama: incest, poisoning, conspiracy, love triangle, revenge, etc. All sides of human psychology are shown. The name fits the plot perfectly and every character here is uniquely lonely…

Rasul Hamzatov - "My Dagestan"
In this book, there is a wonderful idea that "Even a small child can dream big." It is clear that Dagestan is meant. There are few people who love their people, language, and country like Rasul Hamzatov. The work "My Dagestan" teaches everyone to love their home, neighborhood, and country no matter what. The poet writes in his book: "Jonajon Dagestanim. I was born here, here I first heard words in my mother tongue. This word is absorbed into my body and blood. Here I heard the first song in my mother tongue. I sang my first song. Here I learned the taste of bread and the taste of water. The stones of the mountain made my feet bleed, the streams of the mountain washed my wounds, and the herbs of the mountain healed me.
Chingiz Aitmatov - "Jamila"
Have you read the short story "Jamila" by Chingiz Aitmatov, which was translated from Russian into French by the famous writer Louis Aragon and is considered the most beautiful work about love in the world literature of the 20th century? Of course, it is rare to find young people who turn 18 without reading "Jamila" by the great writer. In the short story "Jamila", the writer protected the human heart, his heart, and did not give up hope that he would be saved from the morass of spiritual decline. In Jamila, Asal, Bola, Mo'min, Tolghonoy, Edigey, Avdiy and other characters, we feel the freshness of the human soul, confidence in the future and tomorrow, his will and power.
The main goal of the literature of the peoples of the world is to analyze the works of literary people who have created works with great talent, from large and small peoples, nations, peoples on Earth, to determine their achievements, to identify the commonality between the literatures of a certain region, and to present them in world literature. recording general and private changes. At the same time, on the basis of these changes, it is also to help to create the laws of general literature, to determine the trends of its development. In the process of studying this subject, we will get acquainted with the literature and art of different peoples of the world, and by analyzing the works of writers, poets and dramatists who have emerged from them, we will also get acquainted with the history and development stages of world civilization. The task of this science is determined by these, and in the process of mastering the science, we read and analyze the most exemplary literature of Eurasia, Africa, America and other regions. In order to put the study of general literature into a certain system, the science of the literature of the peoples of the world divides it first of all on the basis of regions. Such territorial division is as follows.
The book will not be bad. But there are such works and such books that the reader who reads them will live with the characters of this work for days, months and even years. The reader dives into the world of this work in such a way that he becomes the hero of this work, sometimes he cries with the heroes of the work, sometimes he shares their joy.
One of such works is the poetic novel "Eugene Onegin" by A.S. Pushkin. In this work, Pushkin found such ways of the polyphonic image method, which made it possible to comprehensively cover reality, bring important life issues into the picture frame, and integrate epic and lyrical beginnings. As a result, the important issues of Pushkin's time were reflected in the novel, and the character of people common in that period was depicted with great skill against the background of historical, social and household conditions. It does not depict any historical figure. In this work, Pushkin was able to comment on Russian nature and the world of Russian society in such a wide and extensive way that, based on the opinion of the literary critic Belinsky, the work can be called an encyclopedia of Russian life.
Although the theme of Abdulla Qadiri's novel Mehrobdan Chayan, which is considered one of the masterpieces of Uzbek literature, is aimed at showing the events of the 19th century - the arbitrariness of the "Khan times", the spirit of the era in which the novel was written is strong. Calling the work "Scorpion from the Altar" is a reference to hypocrites, crooks, base people, envious, unbelieving people who came out of the holy place - the place of worship, and who are not suitable for that place. In the novel, Anwar and Rana's love adventure and tenderness of heart are poetically glorified. The humorous image of librarian Salih Makhdum is recognized as a serious achievement and discovery of the writer in literary studies. Even though the influence of the era is felt to a certain extent in it, although the tendency of partiality is sometimes visible in the literature, in practice it stands in the position of realism and strives to express the historical truth as truthfully as possible.
The next novel "One Hundred and One" by Arvar Irgashev and Yulia Medvedovskaya is about 101 Uzbek prisoners of war who were buried in the Soviet military cemetery in Holland twenty years ago. It turns out that 101 soldiers were captured near Smolensk during the first week of Germany's invasion of the former Soviet Union and sent to Nazi-occupied Holland for propaganda purposes. The Nazis want to film hungry Asians fighting each other for food. However, the fact that the captives ate the bread thrown from behind the barbed wire fence, disappointed them. The novel "One Hundred and One" tells about the tragic fate of those 101 Uzbek soldiers who bravely endured the hardships of the Amersfoort concentration camp in the Netherlands.
The tragedy "Mirzo Ulugbek" by Maqsud Sheikhzoda, who talks about historical events, occupies a worthy place in the education of the mature generation. Our students get acquainted with strong human characters and life conflicts that shake the human heart.

This drama was created in 1964, dedicated to the bright star of the history of the Uzbek people, the great astrologer, enlightened scientist Muhammad Taragai ibn Shahrukh - Ulugbek. In it, the life of the people of Ulugbek's era is clear, vivid, attractive, and most importantly, believable, thanks to the skill of the writer in creating a stage work. You believe in every word, scene, stage equipment in this work, you feel it from the heart, you feel as if you are walking in these events. In this sense, it is worth reading as much as possible the drama "Mirzo Ulugbek" as a perfect stage play that tells the story of the most tragic period of the history of our country.

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