Power Plant Engineering

Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG): A group of hydrocarbon-based gases derived from crude oil refin-
ing or natural gas fractionation. They include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal bu-
tane, butylene, isobutane, and isobutylene. For convenience of transportation, these gases are liq-
uefied through pressurization.
Lubricants: Substances used to reduce friction between bearing surfaces, or incorporated into other
materials used as processing aids in the manufacture of other products, or used as carriers of other
materials. Petroleum lubricants may be produced either from distillates or residues. Lubricants
include all grades of lubricating oils, from spindle oil to cylinder oil to those used in greases.
Methanol: A light, volatile alcohol (CH
3
OH) eligible for motor gasoline blending.
Miscellaneous Petroleum Products: All finished petroleum products not classified elsewhere-for ex-
ample, petrolatum, lube refining byproducts (aromatic extracts and tars), absorption oils, ram-jet
fuel, petroleum rocket fuels, synthetic natural gas feedstocks, and specialty oils.
Motor Gasoline: A complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quanti-
ties of additives, blended to form a fuel suitable for use in spark-ignition engines. Motor gasoline,
as defined in ASTM Specification D-4814 or Federal Specification VV-G-1690C, is character-
ized as having a boiling range of 122 to 158 degrees Fahrenheit at the 10-percent recovery point to
365 to 374 degrees Fahrenheit at the 90-percent recovery point. ‘Motor Gasoline’ includes con-
ventional gasoline; all types of oxygenated gasoline, including gasohol; and reformulated gaso-
line, but excludes aviation gasoline. Note: Volumetric data on blending components, such as oxy-
genates, are not counted in data on finished motor gasoline until the blending components are
blended into the gasoline.