Rahnella spp are commonly isolated from onion (Allium cepa) bulbs and are weakly pathogenic
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Rahnella aquatilis 1
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Supporting Information
643 Table S1 Accession numbers for partial gyrase B sequence derived using the gyrB 644 1480F/2242R primers 645 Table S2 Accession numbers for sequences used in multilocus sequence analysis 646 Table S3 Numbers of bulbs from which particular genera of bacteria were recovered 647 from surveys of diseased and healthy onion bulbs in USA 648 Figure S1 Samples of bulbs from which Rahnella strains were recovered in screen of 649 random bulbs from growers’ cold storage in NY. A. Examples of bulbs from which only 650 Rahnella strains were recovered. B. Examples of bulbs from which both Rahnella 651 strains and other bacteria were recovered. 652 Figure S2 Maximum Likelihood tree using partial gyrB sequence. Strains isolated from 653 onion are highlighted in yellow. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa 654 clustered together is shown next to the branches. The tree is drawn to scale, and the 655 units of branch lengths are the number of substitutions per site. The analysis involved 656 nucleotide sequences from 71 strains. There were a total of 625 positions in the final 657 dataset. N: Isolated from onions in Norway; OR: Isolated from onions grown in OR, 658 USA; NY: Isolated from onions grown in NY, USA; W: Isolated from creek water 659 adjacent to onion field, NY, USA. 660 Figure S3 Bulbs syringe-inoculated with water (A), Rahnella sp. C1b (B), and 661 Enterobacter sp. EcWSU1 (C). Symptoms elicited by Rahnella are typically mild. The 662 bulbs presented in (B) had severe symptoms compared to other repetitions of the assay 663 (see Figure 2). The reasons for between-assay variations in severity are unknown but 664 could be due to variations in host susceptibility due to bulb age or genotype. Variation 665 in the symptom severity between assays adds to the difficulties in assessing the real- 666 world impacts of Rahnella spp. bacteria on onion production. Strains inoculated with Author Manuscript This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved 667 Enterobacter sp. EcWSU1 are included for comparison with a known opportunistic 668 pathogen of onion bulb. Author Manuscript Rahnella sp. Y9602 L31-1-12 N L172-1A N C1b NY F57b NY AR25a OR R. aquatilis ATCC 33071 (CP003244.1) L57-1-12 N SL6 N A66 NY G37d NY R. victoriana FRB 225 R. victoriana USA 13 H11b NY R. variigena FOD 20/8 R. variigena PFK 1/1C2a R. bruchi FRB 226 R. bruchi ALN 45 R. woolbedingensis FRB 227 R. woolbedingensis WAL 10 FC61912-K W R. inusitata FOD 9/5a R. inusitata FOD 9/21 Ewingella americana LMG 7869T E. americana AT 14b E. americana FOD 24/3b Xenorhabdus nematophila ATCC 10961T 98 100 100 96 100 100 93 100 99 100 51 100 43 99 58 97 92 50 51 80 82 100 39 46 0.020 jam_14340_f1.pptx This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Author Manuscript L31-1-12 L57-1-12 SL6 L172-1a AR25a A66 F57b C1b Water jam_14340_f2.pptx This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Author Manuscript B 0 1 2 A 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 D is e a se s co re ( 0 -2 ) Norway USA Disease Rating of Onion Bulbs Inoculated with Strains of Rahnella sp. jam_14340_f3.pptx This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Author Manuscript L 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 L jam_14340_f4.pptx This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved Author Manuscript Download 0.65 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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