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The "intrinsic gradualists"
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The "intrinsic gradualists"
Those scientists falling into this category believe that the ultimate cause of the K-T extinction was intrinsic; meaning of an Earthly nature; and gradual, taking some time to occur (several million years). Two main hypotheses exist today, the first being volcanoes: it is quite certain that at the end of the Cretaceous period there was increased volcanic activity, which, over a period of several million years, could have created enough dust and soot to block out sunlight, producing the climatic change. In India during the Late Cretaceous, huge volcanic eruptions were spewing forth floods of lava which can be seen today at the K-T boundary. The chemical composition of the lava rocks in India shows that they originated in the Earth's mantle, which is also relatively rich in iridium. This richness would explain the iridium layer. The second hypothesis is Plate Tectonics: the earth is covered with huge plates of rock, and plate movements (continental drift) were occurring at the K-T boundary. The oceans (especially the Interior Seaway in North America) were receding from the land. A less mild climate would have been the result, and this would have taken a long time. Large scale tectonic events did occur in the Mesozoic period several times, but no extinction events have been conclusively associated with them yet.
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