Recovery Conditions, Impurity Composition, and Characteristics of Amorphous Silicon Dioxide from Wastes Formed in Rice Production
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- MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ AND POLYMERIC MATERIALS Recovery Conditions, Impurity Composition
1070-4272/05/7802-0319 + 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2005, pp. 319 !323. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 2, 2005, pp. 324 !328. Original Russian Text Copyright + 2005 by Zemnukhova, Fedorishcheva, Egorov, Sergienko. MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ ÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍÍ AND POLYMERIC MATERIALS Recovery Conditions, Impurity Composition, and Characteristics of Amorphous Silicon Dioxide from Wastes Formed in Rice Production L. A. Zemnukhova, G. A. Fedorishcheva, A. G. Egorov, and V. I. Sergienko Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia Received April 12, 2004 Abstract -The conditions of recovery of amorphous and crystalline silicon dioxide from husk and straw of rice cultivated in various regions were studied. The dependence of the impurity composition and characteris- tics of amorphous silica on the plant strain, waste type, and procedures of waste processing was established. The optimum conditions of production of high-purity silicon dioxide were determined, and its characteristics were compared with those of commercial products. Amorphous silicon dioxide (silica) has a wide field of application, depending on its structure, puri- ty, and physicochemical characteristics. It is used in food, pharmaceutical, fragrance, paint-and-varnish, chemical, metallurgical, construction, oil-refining, rubber-processing, porcelain, glass, textile, plastic, paper, and other branches of industry. Such forms of amorphous silicon dioxide as diatomite or diato- maceous earth, kieselguhr, tripoli powder, carbon white, Aerosil, and microsilica are used for produc- tion of modified silica, sorbents for various purposes, including those for filtration of water, beer, wine, oils, sugar, and other food substances and solvents [1 3 4]. Traditionally, the main sources of silica are min- eral forms, whose resources in our country and in the world are rich. A great number of crystalline mod- ifications of SiO 2 is known: they differ in the content of impurities. Impurity metals are incorporated into the crystal lattice of silica, forming strong bonds. Production of amorphous silica from crystalline SiO 2 involves a large expenditure for pretreatment of the initial raw materials and subsequent removal of con- comitant impurities [5, 6]. Amorphous SiO 2 is more chemically active and, if required, it can be easily transformed into the crystalline form. A promising raw material for production of amor- phous SiO 2 is the hydrothermal heat carrier used in regions with operating geothermal power plants [7] and large-tonnage wastes from rice production: straw and fruit shells of corn (husk), in regions of rice cul- tivation [8 312]. The use of rice husk as a renewable raw material for production of high-quality amorphous SiO 2 is ex- tremely promising, since the husk is concentrated in grain-cleaning plants and is a source for additional production of a number of organic compounds, e.g., furfural, xylose, and polysaccharides [8, 9, 12, 13]. However, until now, the main amounts of husk and straw have not been in industrial use because of the absence of integrated technologies taking into account the regional conditions. To develop an integrated scheme for processing of the waste from rice produc- tion, it is necessary to know the chemical composition of raw materials as influenced by the strain and area of plant vegetation, which have not been studied ad- equately. This study continues the examination of the in- tegrated processing of waste from rice production [12 314] and the conditions of production, impurity composition, and characteristics of amorphous SiO 2 prepared from rice husk and straw. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY Vol. 78 No. 2 2005 320 ZEMNUKHOVA et al. Download 50.51 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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