- Xlorli ohakning chinligini aniqlash uchun uni suv bilan chayqatib filtrlanadi. So'ngra filtratga qizil lakmus qog'ozi .tushirilsa, avval u ko'k rangga bo'yaladi, bir oz o'tgach, rangsizlanadi. Bunda qizil lakmus qog'ozining ko'k rangga o'tishi, preparat eritmasida mavjud Ca(OH) 2 hisobiga ishqoriy muhit tug'dirishidadir. Lakmus qog'ozidagi rangning butunlay o'chib ketishi esa undagi «faol» xloring oqartiruvchi xossasiga bog'liq xlorli ohakka xlorid kislota ta’sir ettirilsa, erkin xlor ajralib chiqadi va uni o'tkir hididan bilish mumkin: CaOCl2 +2HC1 -* CaCl2 +C12 T + H20
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- Types of Insulin's - 3 standard types
- 1. Rapid-acting - Regular insulin - clear sol’n w/o added substances to prolong insulin action
- Onset = 1/2 to 1 h; Peak = 2 to 4 h; Duration = 6 to 8 h
- 2. Intermediate-acting - NPH, Lente - contain protamine (a protein that prolongs the action of the insulin)
- Onset = 1 to 2 h; Peak = 6 to 12 h; Duration = 18 to 24 h
- 3. Long-Acting - Ultralente - contain lg. crystals which dissolve slowly to prolong duration
- Onset = 4 to 8 h, Peak = 14 to 20 h; Duration = 24 to 36 h
Antidiabetic Agents Insulin - Lispro Insulin (Humalog) - a new rapid acting insulin approved in 1996
- Action = 5 min.; Duration = 2 to 4 h - can be administered 5 min. before meal time
- Combination Insulin's - commercially premixed
- Humulin 70/30, Novolin 70/30, Humulin 50/50
- (70/30 = 70% NPH and 30% Reg)
- Reg can be mixed w/ NPH or Lente - Reg goes in first in the syringe *Clear to Cloudy*
Antidiabetic Agents Insulin - SE & adverse RXNS =
- -Hypoglycemic - when more insulin is administered than needed for glucose metabolism
- - S & S = nervous, trembling, uncoordinated, cold & clammy, incoherent (drunk)
- - Rx = giving sugar orally or IV
- - Ketoacidosis - An inadequate amt. of insulin = inability to metabolize sugar = fat catabolism = use of fatty acids (ketones) for energy
- - S & S = Extreme thirst, polyria, fruity breath odor
- - Rx = Insulin
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