Rus va ingliz tillari kafedrasi roman-german filologiyasiga kirish


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EV-LER is houses, EVLER-IMIZ is our houses, EVLERIMIZ -E is to our 
houses, etc. Languages that behave in this manner are called agglutinating. Turkish is 
one of the most regular languages in the world. It has one irregular noun (water) and 
one irregular verb (to be). 
Japanese and Korean have highly complex honorific forms for verbs depending 
on the social Level of the speaker and the one spoken to. Japanese also has some 
differences in vocabulary depending on whether the speaker is male or female. For 
example, stomach is HARA if spoken by a male, and ONAKA if spoken by a 
female. 
All languages are influenced by languages they are in contact with. At the two 


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extremes of the Altaic family, Turkish has many Arabic words while Korean and 
Japanese have many from Chinese. 
Some linguists do not include Korean and Japanese in this family. Others link 
the Uralic and Altaic families together. 
The Sino-Tibetan Family of Languages 
The Sino-Tibetan Family is an important Asian family language, 
Mandarin, the official language of China. 
The languages in this family are monosyllabic tonal languages. Words are 
made up of single syllables: Mandarin has over 1600. GUO - country, MEN -gate, 
WO - I, REN - person, AN - peace. The syllables themselves have tones. This 
means that the voice can be high, low, rising, falling, etc, just like singing. It is like 
the way many people raise the voice at the end of a question. As an example, the 
syllable, MEN can mean gate or we depending on tone. Mandarin has four tones
Thai has five (MAI can mean not, burn, wood or no depending on tone), Cantonese 
has nine and Kam-Sui has 15. 
The languages in the Sinitic Branch are the various languages of China 

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