Samarkand state institute of foreign languages english faculty II department of integrated course of english language

Blending
Blending is the formation of a new word which combines the features of both clipping and composition, e.g. boatel (boat + hotel), brunch (breakfast + lunch), smog (smoke + fog), modem (modulator + demodulator).
There are several structural types of blends:
1) initial part of the word + final part of the word, e.g. electrocute (electricity+ execute);
2) initial part of the word + initial part of the word, e.g. lib-lab (liberal + labour);
3) initial part of the word + full word, e.g. paratroops (parachute + troops);
4) full word + final part of the word, e.g. slimnastics (slim + gymnastics).
Acronymy
An acronym is the formation of a new word using the initial letters of parts of a word or phrase. Acronyms are commonly used for the names of institutions and organizations. There are no dots between letters. All abbreviations can be divided into two groups. The first group includes abbreviations that are often pronounced as a sequence of letters: EEC (European Economic Community), FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation), PC (personal computer).
The second group of abbreviations consists of words pronounced according to the rules of reading in English: AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). Some words in the second group can be written without a capital letter because they are no longer considered acronyms: laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), radar (radio detection and ranging), jeep (general purpose vehicle).
Like abbreviations, abbreviations can also be homonyms: MP - member of parliament, military police and municipal police, PC - personal computer and politically correct.
Sound-interchange
Sound exchange is the formation of a new word by changing the phonemic composition of the root word. Sound exchange can be of two types: 1) exchange of vowels, for example. full – fill out; in some cases, vowel changes are combined, for example, with suffixation. Long length; 2) alternation of consonants, e.g. believe, believe. The combination of consonant exchange and vowel exchange can also be found among English words, for example: life - to live.