Subjective Signs - Reported by the client
- Altered perceptions, thought processes & content, consciousness, and affect
- May induce the pt to seek psychiatric help
Alterations in thinking - Thought broadcasting
- Thought insertion
- Thought withdrawal
- Delusions of being controlled
- Delusion of persecution, grandeur,
- Ideas of reference, somatic delusions,
- Associative looseness; neologisms; concrete thinking; echolalia; clang association; word salad
Alternations in Perception, behavior - Hallucinations – auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile
- Bizarre behavior – extreme motor agitation, stereotyped behavior, automatic obedience, waxy flexibility, stupor, negativism
- Agitated behavior – poor impulse control
Objective Signs - Observed directly by nurse
- Altered relationships, hygiene, social skills, communication, and psychomotor activity
- Frighten others may lead to involuntary psychiatric intervention
- Paranoid - preoccupied with one or more delusion
- Disorganized - disorganized speech, behavior; poor attention; inappropriate affect
- Catatonic - waxy flexibility or purposeless excessive motor activity, mutism, stupor
- Undifferentiated -
- Residual - negative symptoms.
Other psychotic disorders - Schizoaffective disorder – Scho symptoms are dominant + major manic or depressive symptoms
- Delusional disorder – delusions have basis in reality, but no schizo
- Brief psychotic disorder – psychosis lasts less than 1 M
- Schizophreniform disorder – 6M < - > 1M
Nursing diagnoses - Altered nutrition: less than body requirements
- Risk for violence directed at self or others
- Self-care deficit: feeding, bathing, dressing/ grooming, toileting
- Noncompliance with medications
- Ineffective individual/ family coping
- Self-esteem disturbance
- Altered thought processes
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