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g Length of ground W g Width of ground L s Length of substrate W s Width of substrate h Hight of substrate L p Length of patch W p Width of patch 2082 S Punith et al. / Procedia Computer Science 171 (2020) 2080–2086 Mohammed Riyaz Ahmed et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000 3 Fig. 2. (a) The top view of designed antenna; (b) Side view of the designed antenna. L f Feed length 2. Antenna Design The key factors required to design an antenna are realizing the application to be accomplished and fulfil the re- quirements of the parameters. Undoubtedly, frequency plays a crucial role. Further, the operation of the antenna aids to determine the substrate to be used. After deciding the required data, then the physical dimensions have to be cal- culated. In this work, authors use Ansys High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) v 15.0 to design and simulate the antenna. A ground layer of 6.1949mm X 7.2514mm is designed initially, this provides the base upon which the antenna is to be mounted. The thickness of the antenna is affected depending on the substrate used which further depends on the relative permittivity value. Hence the thickness of substrate material has to be calculated. The second layer of the substrate is attached along with the ground layer. A radiating patch forms the third and most effective layer of the antenna[17]. The patch is fed with the current using various types of feeds[18]. Microstrip line feed is considered to be the simplest form of feeding techniques. Usually, the conducting strip is smaller in size compared with the patch and supplies current through one of its ends. This further eases the fabrication process and the patch to be etched on the same plane providing a planar structure to the arrangement[19]. The height of the substrate is directly proportional to the spurious feed radiations, also the surface waves[20][21]. This is discovered to inhibit the bandwidth and unwanted cross-polarization of the antenna[22][23]. It is observed that in microstrip line feed technique the feed is just an extension of the patch connecting with the ground and hence easy to match the impedance by modifying the position of the inset[24]. To obtain better impedance matching it is advised to choose an inset feed that can be later incorporated into the patch. This is achieved by adjusting the inset position. This technique is considered as one of the easiest technique for providing ease to fabrication and modesty in modelling [25]. The antenna is designed by using the following dimensions of 6.1949mm X 7.2514mm having a thickness of 0.6mm at the substrate. The substrate is composed of FR4 epoxy with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and dielectric loss tangent of 0.02. Further, the patch having dimensions 2.59mm X 3.65mm is etched onto the substrate. The feed line with dimensions 1.705mm X 0.334mm. The geometric parameters are adjusted to observe the variations concerning the gain, bandwidth, and resonant frequency of the proposed antenna. The physical dimensions of the design are shown in Table 1 where L inset and W inset are the length and width of inset added at the line feed. 4 Mohammed Riyaz Ahmed et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000 Table 1. Parametric dimensions of the designed antenna. Parameter Dimension in mm Parameter Dimension in mm L g 6.1949 W g 7.2514 Download 0.56 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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