Spelling rules e harfi so’z oxirida kelsa o’qilmaydi make,cake,snake,apple 2

Lesson 1
Spelling rules

1. E harfi so’z oxirida kelsa o’qilmaydi.
-make,cake,snake,apple
2. Ikkita e yonma-yon kelsa ,cho’ziq i deb o’qiladi.
-bee,sheep,see,meet,need,feel
3. C harfi esa ba’zan S ba’zan esa K deb o’qiladi.Agar C harfidan keyin unlilardan e,i,y u holda s o’qiymiz.
-cinema,city,celebrate,cycle
Agar c harfidan keyin undoshlar va a,o,u unlilari kelsa K deb o’qiladi.
-cat,cup,coffee,car,claim,calm
4. Q harfidan keyin u harfi kelsa ikkisi birga kv degan tovushni beradi.
-queen,question,quickly,quit
5. Agar g harfi e,i,y harflari bilan kelsa ko’p hollarda j deb o’qiladi.
-general,gender,gym
Exception:girl,gift,give,gear
6. Agar “ g “ harfi o, u, a va barcha undosh xarflardan keyin kelsa “g” oqiladi.
Go, gate, gut, grow, gloom…
7. Agar so’zlarda wr harflari yonma-yon kelsa w o’qilmaydi.
-write,wrong,wrist,wrote
8. Agar so’zlarda kn harf birikmasi bo’lsa bu holda k tushib qolib n deb o’qiladi.
-knife,know,knee,knew
9. Agar so’zlarda ph harf birikmasi kelsa u f deb o’qiladi.
-phone,photo,phrase,physical
10. tion/sion birlashmasi ko’pincha “shn” o’qiladi.
Translation, destination, decision …

Gap
Gramatikada gap mavzusidan boshlashimizning sababi xaqida….

Gapni tuzishga kerakli bo’lgan vositalar!

1.Pronouns(olmoshlar)

Pronoun(olmoshlar)

Subject Pronoun	Object Pronoun
I-men	Me-meni,menga	Mine-meniki	My-mening
He-u(o’g’il)	Him-uni,unga	His-uniki	His-uning
She-u(qiz)	Her-uni,unga	Her-uniki	Her-uning
It-u	It-uni,unga	Its-uniki	Its-uning
You-sen,sizlar	You-seni,senga,sizlarga	Your-seniki	Your-sening
We-biz	Us-bizni,bizga	Ours-bizniki	Our-bizning
They-ular	Them-ularni,ularga	Theirs-ularniki	Their-ularning

2. ’s-ning
- Jasur’s laptop…
- My father’s car…
“of” ham “ ning” ni bildiradi. “ ‘s “ dan farqi of egalik qilayotgan taraf jonsiz bo’lganda ishlatiladi.
The name of the movie - ( kinoning nomi) kino nomga egalik qilyapti shu sabali ‘s emas of ishlatilgan.
The leaves of the tree, the roof of the house, the design of the building…


Article
Article o'zidan keyingi ot(Noun)ni aniqlashtirib keladi,uning 2 turi mavjud( artikllar faqat noun oldidan ishlatiladi)
1.Indefinite article(a,an)
2.Definite article(the)

Indefinite article
(noaqniqlik artikli)
Noaniq aritkllar faqat noaniq bo’lgan sanab boladigan birlik otlar oldidan ishlatiladi.
A boy, a school, a teacher
Aniq bo’lgan va Sanab bo’lmaydigan, Ko’plik otlar oldidan ishlatib bolmaydi
A children ? a water ? incorrect-xato!!!
1. a artikli undosh tovush bilan boshlanuvchi so'zlar uchun ishlatiladi.
-a boy
-a university
an artikli unli tovush bilan boshlanuvchi so'zlar uchun ishlatiladi.
-an aunt
-an uncle
Aniqlik artikli THE so’zlovchigan ham tinglovchiga ham aniq bo’lgan otlardan oldin ishlatiladi.
Jamshid, close the door.
The sun rises from the east.
Har qanday otlardan (sanaladigan va sanalmaydigan, birlik va ko’plik otlardan oldin ham ishlatilaveradi, yagona sharti aniq bo’lishi kerak.
Don’t drink the water it is very cold. (o’sha suvni ichma)
Water is useful for the body. (bu gapda suv umumiy manoda)

Artikle xaqida to’liq keyinroq tushuntriladi.

Asosiy predloglar
In – ichida: in the room, in the building, in the car.
Into – ichiga ( xarakat bn ishlatiladi)
Go into the room. Run into the building.
On – ustida : on the table, on the roof, on his head.
Onto – ustiga (xarakat bn ishlatiladi)
Jump onto the table. Throw a stone onto the roof.
At- da : at work, at home, at wedding.
Behind- orqasida: Behind the building. Behind me.
In front of – ning oldida: In front of me, the shop.
Opposite – qarama qarshisida: opposite the shool
Between- ikki narsa orasida: between a school and a bank