States of matter And Changes of state

States of matter

And

Changes of state

Solid, Liquid and Gas

solid

• 1. particles are tightly arranged. No space between atoms
• 2. Definite Shape
• 3. definite volume
• 4. Particles vibrate next to each other

Liquid

• 1. Particles have some space between.
• 2. Definite Volume
• 3. No Definite shape
• 4. Particle movement is a sliding action past each other

gas

• 1.Particle spacing is very far apart
• 2. No definite shape
• 3. No Definite Volume
• 4. Particle movement is very fast and may or may not come in contact with each other

Changes of State of Matter

In order for a solid, liquid or gas to change its state of matter heat energy is either added or subtracted

How does a solid, liquid or gas change its state

Heat energy has to be added or subtracted

Heat Energy added to a solid-Melting Occurs

97˚F/16˚C

Kitchen Melting Points

Melted gold

Heat Energy added to a liquid Evaporation or Boiling

Boiling Water

Molecule motion in evaporation and Boiling

Water Evaporating

Comparison of Boiling and Evaporation

Sublimation A solid changes into a gas without becoming a liquid first

Dry Ice

Dry ice

Snow sublimation

When heat energy is removed A gas becomes a liquid Condensation

Water vapor condensing on soda liter

Water vapor condensing on glass

Water vapor condensing on plants

Removal of heat energy from a liquid Freezing There is a specific temp at which liquids freeze

Water Freezing almost immediately

The lowest temperature that it is possible to reach (O⁰K, -273.15⁰C, -459.67⁰F) is called Absolute Zero

Deposition When heat energy is removed and water vapor changes directly into a solid

Frost

Snow

Frost

Water has a freezing point of 0˚c and a melting point of 0˚C How is this possible???