2.2
The economic characteristics of the newspaper publishing industry
Following the different, subsequent phases in the traditional value chain, the process of news
production can be described in the following steps:
Step 1: Content creation
Journalists, foreign correspondents, news editors and photographers select and create news
stories and images, based on their network and location in the world and on alerts and agendas
supplied by news sources and news agencies. This stream of content is filtered and
complemented with content of news agencies and photo agencies. Stories are written, edited,
complemented with headlines and sometimes with pictures or infographics and placed in
particular sections of the newspaper, according to their subject matter and newsworthiness or
importance.
News stories are traditionally offered in print, but increasingly also online or on mobile
phones and tablets. Some newspaper publishers are also including moving images (slide
shows, video) into their online news services.
In the traditional news sector, before the introduction of online news, the news cycle lasted 24
hours. The complete news organisation used to be and, in case of print newspapers, still is
directed at delivering the news for the morning or evening paper. Online the news cycle is no
longer bound to this 24-hours news cycle, because news can be updated continuously.
Step 2: Aggregation
Newspapers typically bundle stories from a variety of subject categories (domestic nes,
foreign news, economic and financial news, culture, sports, entertainment, weather, etc.) and
in different formats (news items, background stories, editorials, pictures, cartoons,
infographics, etc.) and for different sections (domestic news, foreign news, economic and
financial news, life style etc.) of the newspaper or newspaper’s website. Advertisements,
personals and other non-editorial content is also added to the newspaper or to the online news
site. By bundling content from different subject categories, in different formats and sections,
newspapers have a role as the aggregators of new and information. Online the roles of news
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