Student of the group 11-4chi-19 Baqoyeva Mavluda How old are you really?

Student of the group 11-4chi-19
Baqoyeva Mavluda

How old are you really?
If you want to know how well your body is ageing you may be in for a surprise, finds Marta Zaraska When David Nurse turned 30, he wanted to find out how his biological age compared with his chronological one. A life coach with the US National Baseball Association, he hoped that the ultra-healthy lifestyle he advocates to players had kept his own body young and healthy, too. So he took a test to assess the length of his telomeres. It revealed his biological age to be 28 years. That was in 2017. Two years later, he took another test. “I was down to 25, so that was great,” he says. “At birth, some people’s telomeres are a lot longer than those of others”
If you google “telomeres”, you are likely to find them described as an ageing clock. They are segments of DNA at the ends of each chromosome that become shorter every time a cell divides. If this shortening happens slowly, it suggests that your body is wearing well. Say you are a 60-year-old with telomeres as long as those of an average 50- year-old, your mortality risk is equivalent to that of someone 10 years younger – or so the story goes. Increasing numbers of people want this information, and many companies offer tests like the one Nurse took, together with various pills claimed to lengthen your telomeres and, in turn, your lifespan.
That disparity can increase throughout early childhood. Fast growth and rapid cell replication mean that telomere length decreases quickly in this period. However, the rate varies enormously. From birth until the age of 4, children can lose anywhere from 270 to more than 1000 base pairs of telomeres per year. One reason for this variation may be the adversity a child experience. A recent meta-analysis of more than 40 studies showed that poverty, abuse and maternal depression were among the factors linked to faster telomere shortening.

Siz asli necha yoshdasiz?
Agar siz tanagizni qanday qariyotganini bilmoqchi bo’lsangiz hayratda qolishingiz mumkin, deydi Marta Zaraska. Devid Nurse 30 yoshga to'lganida, u biologik yoshini xronologik yoshi bilan qanday solishtirganini bilmoqchi edi. AQSh Milliy Beysbol Assotsiatsiyasining murabbiyi, u o'yinchilarga targ'ib qilayotgan o'ta sog'lom turmush tarzi ularning tanasini ham yosh va sog'lom ushlab turishiga umid qildi. Shunday qilib, u telomerlar yordamida sinovdan o'tdi. Unda uning biologik yoshi 28 yosh aniqlandi. Bu 2017 yil edi. Ikki yil o'tgach, u yana bir sinovdan o'tdi. "Men 25 yoshga tushgan edim, shuning uchun bu ajoyib edi", deydi u. "Tug'ilishda ba'zi odamlarning telomerlari boshqalarga nisbatan ancha uzun bo’ladi"
Agar siz "telomerlar" ni Google orqali qidirsangiz, ularni qaritagan soat deb ta'riflanganini topishingiz mumkin. Ular har bir xromosomaning uchida joylashgan DNK segmentlari bo'lib, ular hujayra bo'linganda qisqaradi. Agar bu qisqarish asta-sekin sodir bo'lsa, bu sizning tanangiz yaxshiligini ko'rsatadi. Aytaylik, siz 60 yoshli telomerli odamsiz, sizga o'rtacha 50 yoshli odamnikini ko’rsatadi, sizning o'lim darajangiz 10 yosh kichikroq degani kabidir. Ko'proq odamlar bu ma'lumotni qidirishmoqda va ko'plab kompaniyalar telomerlaringizni, o'z kuchingizni, umringizni davomiyligini ko’rsatish uchun turli tabletkalar bilan birga hamshira olgan testlarni taklif qilishyapti.
Bu nomutanosiblik bolalik vaqtida kuchayishi mumkin. Tez o'sish va tez hujayra replikatsiyasi bu jarayondagi telomer tezligi tez qisqarishini anglatadi. Shunday bo’lsa ham, miqdor juda katta farq qiladi. Tug'ilgandan to 4 yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalar yiliga 270 dan 1000 dan ortiq umumiy juft telomerlarni yo'qotishi mumkin. Bu o'zgarishning sabablaridan biri boshidan kechirgan tajribalari bo'lishi mumkin. Yaqinda olingan 40 dan ortiq tadqiqotning meta-tahlili shuni ko'rsatadiki, qashshoq, zo'ravonlik va ruhiy tushkunlik telomerlarning tezda qisqarishi bilan bog'liq bo'lgan hodisadir