Summary The concept of the psyche

Chapter 3. The concept of the psyche and its evolution • 85

The end of the table. 3.1
Stages and levels of mental reflection, its characteristics	Features of behavior associated with the villa stage and level	Types of creatures that have reached this level of development
Ii. Stage perceptual
psyche
A. Low level. Reflection external reality in shape images of objects. Ying tagging properties in a holistic image of things. Main organ ma nipulation - jaws	A. Motor Formation skills. Rigid prevail genetically programmed components. Mover very powerful abilities complex and diverse (diving crawling, walking, running, jumps, lasagna, flight and dr.). Active search positive irritants, avoidance negative (harmful) times twisted protective behavior	A. Pisces and other lower call as well as (partly) some higher surrender night (arthropods and heads) monogy clams). Naseko mye
B. Highest level. Elemen container forms of thinking (re task solving). Folding a certain "Pictures of the world"	B. Highly developed instinctive	B. Higher Vertebrates
nye forms of behavior. Way	tsy and some mammal
ness to learning	those)
B. The highest level. Allotment in practice special features but research, prep significant phase. Way to decide the same for country house by different methods. Re the nose of the once found prin Tsip problem solving in new conditions. Creation and use the activity of the primitive tools. Ability to by environmental awareness regardless of personal biological needs. Immediate discretion and causation investigative links between phenomena in practical actions (iisayt)	B. Isolation is specialized	B. Monkeys, some others
of the manipulative organs	higher vertebrates (dogs,
paws n hands. Research development	dolphins)
shi behaviors
using rapeseed
acquired knowledge, ability
and skills

the outer and inner sides of the world ... are constantly connected and in some way transform into each other. " As a result of this interaction, various forms of the psyche appear.
In conclusion, we can say the following.
First, the method and level of adaptation of animals to the conditions of existence is determined by the degree of development of the psyche of animals. Available scientific material allows you to select several stages of development of the psyche of animals. These stages differ in the way and level of obtaining information about the environment.
86 • Part I. Introduction to General Psychology
a world that impels the animal to action. In one case - this is the level of individual sensations, in the other - the objective perception.
Secondly, the highest level of development of the psyche of animals that are at the stage of subject perception allows us to speak about the simplest intellectual behavior of animals. However, a feature of animal behavior is basically the satisfaction of their basic biological needs.
test questions
1. State the essence of the concept of "psyche."
2. What do you know the main stages of the development of the psyche?
3. What is “irritability”, “sensitivity”, “sensation”?
4. Tell us about behavior as a form of adaptation to environmental conditions.
5. Explain the essence of the concept of "consciousness."
6. What is “I-concept” and what is its role in the regulation of human behavior?
7. What do you know the basic functions of the psyche?
8. What do you know about the origin of consciousness?
9. What is instinctive behavior?
10. What are the main stages of development of the psyche and behavior of animals.
11. What are the main characteristics of the nodular, reticular and chordal nervous systems?
12. Give the concept of conditioned reflexes as the physiological basis of animal behavior.
13. Name the distinctive characteristics of the intellectual behavior of animals.
14. What do you know about the concept of Leontiev-Fabri?
Recommended literature
1. Ananyev B. G. Selected psychological works: In 2 tons. T. 1 / Ed. A. A. Boda-lev, B. F. Lomov. - M .: Pedagogy, 1980.
2. Bassich F.V. The problem of "unconscious". (On unconscious forms of higher. Nervous activity). - M .: Medicine, 1968.
3. Vygotsky, L. S. [ The development of the personality and the worldview of the child]. Psychology of the personality. Texts: Reader under the editorship of Yu. B. Hippreprater. - M .: MGU, 1982.
4. .VygotskyL. C. Collected Works: Wb-tit.T. 1 .: Questions of theory and history of psychology / Ch. ed. A, V. Zaporozhets. - M .: Pedagogy, 1982.
5. Gipepeireiter Yu. B. Introduction to general psychology: A course of lectures: A manual for universities. - M .: ChsRo, 1997.
6. Grimak L.P. Reserves of the human psyche. Introduction to the psychology of activity. - 2nd ed., Ext. - M .: Politizdat, 1989.
7. Jeme B. Variety of religious experience. - SPb .: Andreev and sons, 1992.
8. Delgado X. Brain and consciousness / Per. from English by ed. G. D. Smirnov. - M .: Mir, 1971.
9. Kravkpv S.V. Self-observation. - M., 1922.
10. Leontiev, A.N., Selected Psychological Works: In 2 tons. T. 2, Ed. Century Century Davydov and others - M .: Pedagogy, 1983. I.LeongpievA. / Y. Activity Consciousness. Personality. - 2-drive. - M .: Politizdat, 1977.
12. Luria A.R. Evolutionary Introduction to Psychology. - M .: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1975.
13. Silent R.S. Psychology: Textbook for students. higher ped. studies. Institutions: In 3 kN. Prince one:
General principles of psychology. - 2nd ed. - M .: Vlados 1998.
14. Psychology / Ed. prof. K. N. Kornilov, prof. A. A. Smirnova., Prof. B.M. Teplova. - Ed. 3rd, nererab. and doi — М.: Учпедгиз, 1948.
15. Симонов П. В. Мотивированный мозг: Высшая нервная деятельность и естественнонаучные основы общей психологии / Отв. ed. V.S. Rusinov. - M .: Science, 1987.
16. Fabry K. E. Fundamentals of zoopsychology: Textbook for universities. - M .: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 1976.
17. Uznadze D. N. Psychological studies. - M .; Spider, 1966.


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