Synthesis of lscf by Sol-gel method

Synthesis of LSCF by Solid-State Method
The LSCF perovskite oxide was synthesized by a solid-state method as reported by Aliyatulmuna et al., 20179 . All reactants were firstly heated in the oven at 105 °C for 1 hour to remove the adsorbed water in reactant powder. After heating, the reactants were then cooled in the desiccator. The synthesis process was begun by weighing and mixing the stoichiometric amount of La2O3, SrCO3, Co3O4, and Fe2O3. The reactants were then ground together for 2 hours to form a homogeneous mixture. The homogeneous mixture was then calcined at 900 °C for 2 hours. During this calcination process, the heating was held for 1 hour at 400 °C before continuing it to 900 °C. This first calcination process was performed twice. The calcined powders obtained from the first calcination process was then ground again and further calcined at 1000 °C for 2 hours. This second calcination process is carried out twice also. Thus, a total of calcination process was 4 hours for each first (900 °C) and second (1000 °C) calcinations, respectively. The intermediate grinding was applied between each calcination process. The heating rate for this calcination is 3 °C/minute. The resulted powders were characterized using XRD, SEM dan PSA.

Qattiq holat usuli bilan LSCF sintezi

LSCF perovskit oksidi Aliyatulmuna va boshq., 20179 tomonidan xabar qilinganidek, qattiq holat usuli bilan sintez qilingan. Adsorbsiyalangan suvni reaktiv kukunida olib tashlash uchun barcha reaktivlar birinchi navbatda pechda 105 °C da 1 soat davomida qizdirildi. Qizdirilgandan so'ng, reaktivlar eksikatorda sovutiladi. Sintez jarayoni La2O3, SrCO3, Co3O4 va Fe2O3 ning stoxiometrik miqdorini tortish va aralashtirish orqali boshlandi. Keyin reaktivlar bir hil aralashmani hosil qilish uchun 2 soat davomida birga maydalangan. Keyin bir hil aralash 2 soat davomida 900 ° C da kalsinlangan. Ushbu kalsinatsiya jarayonida isitish 900 ° C ga qadar davom ettirishdan oldin 400 ° C da 1 soat davomida ushlab turildi. Ushbu birinchi kalsinatsiya jarayoni ikki marta amalga oshirildi. Birinchi kalsinlash jarayonidan olingan kalsinlangan kukunlar keyin yana maydalangan va 2 soat davomida 1000 ° C da kalsinlangan. Ushbu ikkinchi kalsinatsiya jarayoni ham ikki marta amalga oshiriladi. Shunday qilib, har bir birinchi (900 ° C) va ikkinchi (1000 ° C) kalsinatsiya uchun jami kalsinatsiya jarayoni mos ravishda 4 soatni tashkil etdi. Har bir kalsinatsiya jarayoni o'rtasida oraliq silliqlash qo'llaniladi. Ushbu kalsinatsiya uchun isitish tezligi daqiqada 3 ° C ni tashkil qiladi. Olingan kukunlar XRD, SEM va PSA yordamida tavsiflangan.

La(NO3)3⋅6H2O, Mn(NO)2⋅4H2O and SrCl2⋅6H2O were weighted and mixed according to the stoichiometric ratio of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3. The detailed parameters of LSM sols and the corresponding abbreviations were listed in Table 1. The sols were denoted as LSMm, where m (1 ≤ m ≤ 9) was the specimen number. The deionized water and ethanol were added as solvent in turn, stirred until even by magnetic force, and the acetic acid (AcOH) was then added to the solution as chelating agent and hydrolyst, further stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Subsequently, the mixed solution was transferred to a closed round bottom flasks and stirred at 80 ◦C for 5 h to obtain a uniform sols, further stood at room temperature for 36 h to ensure the completion of hydrolysis and condensation reactions.