Task – ‘Open-source’ task. Theory – 10 point task – a ‘Open-source’ task. Find/identify main postulates of given great thinker/scholar [from Martin Griffiths

B) ‘Open-source’ task. Debates in IR. Compare conceptions – paradigms – approaches.
REALISM (IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS) and LIBERALISM (IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS)
Realism and liberalism are two of the major theoretical paradigms in International Relations (IR).
Realism is a pessimistic and power-oriented perspective that assumes that states are the primary actors in international affairs and that their behavior is motivated by self-interest and a desire to maximize power and security. Realists believe that the international system is anarchic and that there is no world government to enforce laws or provide stability, so states must look after their own interests through the pursuit of power and security.
Liberalism, on the other hand, is an optimistic and idealistic perspective that emphasizes cooperation, interdependence, and international institutions as a means of promoting peace and prosperity. Liberals believe that states can and should work together to address common problems, and that international institutions and norms can help regulate state behavior and reduce the likelihood of conflict. They also believe that democracy and free trade promote peace and prosperity.
In conclusion, realism and liberalism are two contrasting perspectives in IR, with realism focusing on power, self-interest, and state sovereignty and liberalism emphasizing cooperation, interdependence, and the role of international institutions in promoting peace and prosperity.

NEOREALISM (IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS) and NEOLIBERALISM (IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS)
Neorealism and neoliberalism are two major theoretical paradigms in International Relations (IR).
Neorealism, also known as structural realism, is a theoretical approach that developed from classical realism. It views the international system as being composed of self-interested states, but argues that their behavior is also shaped by the structure of the international system itself. Neorealists believe that the international system is anarchic and that states must ensure their own security in this system, which creates a constant pursuit of power. This perspective emphasizes that the distribution of power among states is the most important factor in shaping international relations.
Neoliberalism, on the other hand, is a theoretical approach that developed from classical liberalism. It emphasizes the role of international institutions, interdependence, and cooperation among states in shaping international relations. Neoliberals believe that states can and should work together to address common problems and that international institutions can help regulate state behavior and reduce the likelihood of conflict. They argue that cooperation and interdependence can promote peace and stability in the international system.
In conclusion, neorealism and neoliberalism are two contrasting perspectives in IR, with neorealism emphasizing the role of power and the anarchic nature of the international system and neoliberalism emphasizing the role of international institutions and cooperation in shaping international relations.